四种作物根系分泌物对烟草疫霉的抑菌活性分析  

Inhibitory activity of root exudates from four crops against Phytophthora nicotianae

作　　者：孟玉芳 焦永鸽 张立猛 MENG Yufang;JIAO Yongge;ZHANG Limeng(Yunnan Tobacco Company,Yuxi Branch,Biological Control for Tobacco Diseases and Insect Pests Engineering Research Center of China Tobacco,Yuxi 653100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司,烟草行业病虫害生物防治工程研究中心,玉溪653100

出　　处：《植物保护》2018年第5期189-193,共5页Plant Protection

基　　金：中国烟草总公司2012年度重点科技项目(110201202017);中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划项目(2017YN17,2015YN13)

摘　　要：通过分析玉米、大蒜、茴香和油菜4种作物根系分泌物对烟草疫霉的抑菌活性,发现这4种作物根系表现出很强的化感作用,根系分泌物能在短时间内迅速地杀死烟草疫霉的游动孢子,抑制其萌发。其中,玉米根系分泌物在最高浓度2.59mg/mL时,对疫霉休止孢萌发的抑制率高达100%;大蒜根系分泌物浓度为0.1 mg/mL时,20min内能完全抑制游动孢子的游动。分析4种作物根系对游动孢子的趋化作用发现,茴香、油菜对疫霉游动孢子的吸引活性最强,T0最高分别为76.3、68.7,玉米、大蒜次之。以上结果为建立"以生物多样性为基础,克服烟草土传病害连作障碍"的病害防治新模式提供有力的理论支撑。Root exudates from four species of crops,including maize,garlic,fennel and canola,were used to test the inhibitory activity against Phytophthora nicotianae.The results indicated that the four crops root exudates showed inhibitory activity against the release of zoospores from sporangia,the germination of cystospore.At the highest concentration of 2.59 mg/mL,the maize root exudates,could inhibit the germination of the resting spores with the inhibition rate of 100%.At 0.1 mg/mL of the garlic root exudates,the germination of zoospores was totally stopped in 20 min.The chemotactic activities analysis revealed that the four crop roots could attract a large number of zoospores of P.nicotianae from especially the fennel and canola root,with the highest T 0 values of 76.3 and 68.7 respectively,followed by maize and garlic.On the basis of biological diversity,these results are useful for us to rotate maize,garlic,fennel and canola with tobacco for tobacco black shank control.

关 键 词：根系分泌物 烟草疫霉 烟草黑胫病 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]