福建牡蛎选育群体的遗传多样性  

Genetic diversity in selected lines of Crassostrea angulata

作　　者：郭香[1] 曾志南[1] 郑雅友[1] 巫旗生[1] 宁岳[1] 祁剑飞[1] 贾圆圆[1] GUO Xiang;ZENG Zhinan;ZHENG Yayou;WU Qisheng;NING Yue;QI Jianfei;JIA Yuanyuan(Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources,Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province,Institute of Fisheries of Fujian,Xiamen 361000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省水产研究所,福建省海洋生物增养殖与高值化利用重点实验室,福建省海洋生物资源开发利用协同创新中心,福建厦门361000

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2018年第5期1131-1136,共6页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(nycytx-49);省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2017R1003-6);国家科技基础条件平台建设运行项目(2017DKA30470);福建省海洋与渔业结构调整专项.

摘　　要：利用8个微卫星标记对福建牡蛎(Crassostrea angulata)基础群体、‘金蛎1号’选育系F6和野生群体进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,每个位点在各群体的等位基因数为7~24个,各群体在所有位点的平均等位基因数为10.3~17.6个,平均等位基因丰度为9.8~16.8。平均观测杂合度和平均期望杂合度分别为0.655~0.662和0.788~0.872。经邦弗朗尼校正,哈迪–温伯格平衡检验结果显示,在24个群体–位点组合中18个群体–位点组合显著偏离平衡(P<0.01)。群体内近交系数F_(is)值介于0.0095~0.2874,平均值为0.1992,遗传分化系数F_(st)介于0.0224~0.1627,平均值为0.0767,暗示选育群体中存在较低水平的非随机交配现象,属于中度偏低分化。研究表明,连续的选育对群体的遗传分化产生了一定的影响,但是,选育群体仍然具有较高水平的遗传多样性。On April 2009,a base population(F0)of the Fujian oyster,Crassostrea angulata,was selectively bred from the Fujiang and Guangdong local populations.A successive six-generation selection for golden shell and body weight was carried out to produce“Golden oyster 1#”(F6).In this study,eight microsatellite markers were analyzed in the base population,selected line F6,and wild populations of Crassostrea angulata.The number of alleles per locus ranged from 7 to 24.The average number of alleles and average allelic richness of the three populations at all loci had ranges of 10.3–17.6 and 9.8–16.8,respectively.Expected heterozygosity and observed heterozygosity were 0.655–0.662 and 0.788–0.872,respectively.In the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test,for the three populations and eight microsatellites,segregation distortion was significant for 12 of the 18 groups.The inbreeding coefficient(Fis)ranged between 0.0095–0.2874,with a mean of 0.1992.The Fst values were 0.0224–0.1627,with an average of 0.0767,indicating that there is a low level of inbreeding within populations and a high level of differentiation.Our results suggested that successive artificial breeding has a certain influence on genetic variation;however,there remains high genetic variability in the mass selection lines.

关 键 词：福建牡蛎 微卫星 群体遗传 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]