非均匀介质地震AVO响应模拟及分析  

Seismic AVO Simultation and Analysis in Heterogeneous Media

作　　者：刘财[1] 裴思嘉 郭智奇[1] 符伟[1] 张宇生 刘喜武[3,4] Liu Cai;Pei Sijia;Guo Zhiqi;Fu Wei;Zhang Yusheng;Liu Xiwu(College of GeoExploration Science and Technology,Jilin University,Changchun 130026,China;Bureau of Geophysical Prospecting INC,CNPC,Zhuozhou 072751,Hebei,China;Key Laboratory of Shale Oil/Gas Exploration and Production Technology,SinoPEC,Beijing 100083,China;Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute,SinoPEC,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学地球探测科学与技术学院,长春130026 [2]中石油东方地球物理公司,河北涿州072751 [3]中国石化页岩油气勘探开发重点实验室,北京100083 [4]中国石化石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（地球科学版）》2018年第5期1512-1521,共10页Journal of Jilin University：Earth Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41430322;41404090);中国石油科学研究与技术开发项目(2016A-33)~~

摘　　要：地震AVO(amplitude versus offset)技术是一项利用振幅信息研究岩性、检测油气的地震勘探技术。常规方法基于Zoeppritz方程计算模型界面处的反射系数,而实际地下非均匀介质中地震反射特征不仅与入射角度、物性差异有关,还与入射波频率、地层厚度、薄互层结构等因素有关。为此,应用传播矩阵理论充分考虑与这些因素有关的调谐干涉等传播效应,针对实际数据计算非均匀地下介质的高精度合成地震记录,对比Zoeppritz方程、Shuey二项近似方程、Shuey三项近似方程以及传播矩阵算法的模拟效果。研究发现:在小角度入射时Zoeppritz方程、Shuey二项近似方程和Shuey三项近似方程的反射振幅和波形基本一致,大角度入射时Zoeppritz方程与Shuey三项近似方程接近;Zoeppritz算法的模拟结果在小角度入射和浅层情况下与传播矩阵算法差别较小,而在大角度入射和深层情况下与传播矩阵差别较大,说明层间多次波的调谐干涉等传播效应不可忽略。AVO(amplitude versus offset)is a technique for studying lithology and detecting hydrocarbon seismic exploration by using amplitude information.Conventional single interface reflection coefficient can be calculated by Zoeppritz equation;however,the reflection characteristics of layered media seismic wave is not only related to incident angle,but also differences of physical property,incident wave frequency,formation thickness,thin interbedded structure,the formation non-uniformity and other factors,and all the factors related tuning effects are fully considered in the theory of propagation matrix.Based on the data calculation of high-precision synthetic seismogram in heterogeneous underground media,we compared the simulation results of Zoeppritz equation,Shuey two-term approximation equation,Shuey three-term approximate equation,and propagation matrix algorithm.The study shows that at a small incident angle,the reflection amplitude and waveforms of Zoeppritz equation,Shuey two-terms,and Shuey three-term approximation are basically the same;while at a large incident angle,those of Zoeppritz equation and Shuey three-term approximation are closer.Under the condition of small incident angles and shallow layers,the seismic responses of Zoeppritz equation and propagation matrix algorithm is almost the same,but different at large incident angles and deep layers.It is illustrated that the tuning effects and multiple wave interferences cannot be ignored.

关 键 词：ZOEPPRITZ方程 Shuey方程 传播矩阵理论 非均匀介质 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]