链筛式耕层残膜回收机设计与工作参数优化试验  

Design of chain-sieve type residual film recovery machine in plough layer and optimization of its working parameters

作　　者：罗凯 袁盼盼 靳伟 鄢金山 白圣贺 张朝书 张学军 Luo Kai;Yuan Panpan;Jin Wei;Yan Jinshan;Bai Shenghe;Zhang Chaoshu;Zhang Xuejun(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Innovative Design Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering Equipment,Urumqi 830052,China;Alar City Tiandian Agricultural Machinery Manufacturing Company with Limited Liability,Alar 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学机电工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业工程装备创新设计实验室重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [3]阿拉尔市天典农机制造有限责任公司,阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2018年第19期19-27,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金："十三五"国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0701102-2);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51665057);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发任务专项(2016B01003-1);新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研创新团队"特色农作物提质工程与装备技术研究团队"(XJEDU2017T005);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2017D01B13)

摘　　要：针对新疆地区农田大面积使用地膜,耕层残膜碎片化严重、残膜分离困难,耕层残膜回收问题亟待解决的现状,该文设计研发了链筛式耕层残膜回收机。链筛式残膜回收机由挖掘铲、清障机构、传动机构、偏心轮、连杆机构、链齿机构、脱膜辊、振动机构、机架和膜箱组成。根据设计计算和试验确定机结构参数,其中偏心轮偏心距为40 mm,用ADAMS对该机振动机构进行运动仿真并分析其运动特性,确定运动特征值K(ω2×LOA/g)范围为2.66≤K≤4.02。借助Box-Benhn Ken的中心组合设计方法分析回收机工作参数对回收率的影响效应并作试验设计,选取前进速度、入土深度和输送链驱动轮转速为影响因子进行三因素三水平一次回归正交试验,17组试验的平均回收率为83.34%。在DESIGN EXPERT中使用响应曲面法分析各因素对回收率影响效应并对回归模型的参数进行优化,优化后最优参数值组合为前进速度1.317 m/s、入土深度117.066 mm、输送链驱动轮转速65.106 r/min,当振动机构振幅79.1 mm、偏心轮转速255 r/min时,最优参数组合的田间试验结果为85.07%,振动机构参数设定满足要求,工作性能满足耕层残膜回收的要求。该机适用于新疆地区以及北方多数干旱、半干旱和半湿润农业区的耕层残膜回收,将链齿机构同振动机构分级结合实现耕层残膜回收,链筛型回收方式为耕层残膜回收机的研发提供了新思路。Plastic film is large used in Xinjiang area,and it is hard to separate and collect the residual film of plough layer because of seriously fragmented.To solve the problem of residual film recovery in plough layer,chain-sieve type plastic residual film recovery machine was designed and developed.The machine was consisted of excavating shovel,barrier clearing mechanism,transmission mechanism,eccentric wheel,link mechanism,chain-tooth mechanism,film separating roller,vibration mechanism,frame and film box.Power of each part was provided by the transmission mechanism.The soil film mixture was excavated into the chain tooth mechanism by excavating shovel,then the chain-tooth mechanism was used for the first separation and sieving of the soil film mixture,then the sieved soil film mixture was transported to the vibration mechanism.The tail part of the chain-tooth mechanism was equipped with a film seperating roller,which scraped the film wound on the mechanism.After that,residual film was sent to film box by vibration mechanism.Vibration mechanism consists of vibration sieve and link mechanism,vibration and swing of vibration sieve was controlled by link mechanism,the soil film mixture was separated by the vibration sieve and then was conveyed to the film box.The size and parameters of the machine was determined by analysis and calculation.The key working parts of the machine were simulated and analyzed in ADAMS,and relevant motion parameters were obtained.The separation of the soil film mixture by the vibration mechanism requires that the speed range of the eccentric wheel was 25.79 rad/s≤ω≤31.40 rad/s.According to theoretical calculation and test,the speed of eccentric wheel was determined to be 255 r/min.The central composite design method of Box-BenhnKen was used to analyze the effect of working parameters on the residual film recovery rate.Three factors,three levels and one regression orthogonal test design were adapted,and moving speed,depth into soil and speed of driving wheel of conveyor chain were selected

关 键 词：农业机械 设计 试验 链筛式耕层残膜回收 

分 类 号：S223.5[农业科学—农业机械化工程]