光电传感器结合旋转编码器检测气吸式排种器吸种性能  

Detecting seed suction performance of air suction feeder by photoelectric sensor combined with rotary encoder

作　　者：贾洪雷 路云[1,2] 齐江涛 张哲 刘慧力[1,2] 李杨 罗晓峰 Jia Honglei;Lu Yun;Qi Jiangtao;Zhang Zhe;Liu Huili;Li Yang;Luo Xiaofeng(Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering,Ministry of Education,Jilin University,Changchun 130025,China;School of Biological and Agricultural Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130025,China;Graduate School of Agriculture,Kyoto University,Kyoto 606-8502,Japan)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学工程仿生教育部重点实验室,长春130025 [2]吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,长春130025 [3]京都大学大学院农学研究科

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2018年第19期28-39,共12页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0700302);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31401284)

摘　　要：高速精密播种作业是大豆、玉米等作物播种的主要发展方向之一。该文针对高速精密播种作业中气吸式排种器,设计了排种器吸种状态检测系统(seed disc suction performance detection system,SDSPS),该系统采用凹形光电传感器采集排种盘吸种信息、应用光电旋转编码器采集排种轴转动角度等信息,通过对光电传感器的输出信号和光电编码器脉冲信号进行处理,得到排种盘每个吸孔的吸种情况,从而进一步获取整个排种器的工作状况。与排种器试验台常用的图像处理检测系统(seeding detecting system based on image processing,SDSIP)在6组作业条件下进行了试验台对比试验,并单独进行了检测单个吸孔吸种量可行性试验。试验通过F检验和T检验(α=0.05)得出2种系统测量值总体方差相同和均值一致。精度分析结果表明SDSPS相比于SDSIP的最大相对误差为0.31%,系统稳定性分析结果表明SDSPS与SDSIP的波动幅值比较接近,两者的最大相对偏差值都不超过1%,SDSPS检测单个吸孔吸种量的最大相对误差为16.67%。通过田间试验验证,SDSPS对于漏吸种量和多吸种量,检测系统检测值与实际值相对误差平均值分别为3.87%和8.42%。SDSPS能有效的进行排种盘吸种性能检测,对单个吸孔吸种量的检测也具有较高的可信度,可以为气吸式排种器性能检测与改进提供技术支撑。The air suction type soybean seed-metering device is the core component of the air suction soybean planter.Therefore,the stability and reliability of the machine in working determines the seeding quality of the whole machine.Therefore,high-speed and precision sowing is one of the main development directions of soybeans,corns and other sowing crops.The working state of the seeding machine in the working process is difficult to be directly observed with the naked eye.Once the fault of the metering device occurs,it is very difficult to find and deal with it in time.In this paper,the application of air suction type seed-metering device in high-speed and precision seed metering was discussed,and the seed disc suction performance detection system(SDSPS)was designed.The system used a concave photoelectric sensor to collect the information of seed suction of the platters and used the photoelectric rotary encoder to collect information of the rotation angle of the seed-bearing shaft.By processing the output signal of the photoelectric sensor and the pulse signal of the photoelectric encoder,the seed disc suction performance detection system(SDSPS)can detect every suction holes’sucking condition,so that the working condition of the whole metering device can be detected.It is of great significance to improve the working performance of air-sucking soybean seed metering device.Bench tests were carried out under six working conditions,and the experimental data were collected.At the same time,the feasibility tests were carried out to detect the absorption of single hole to the seeds.All the test data were collected and compared with the test data of the commonly used system which called Seeding Detecting System based on Image Processing(SDSIP)).Through F-test and t-test(α=0.05),it was found that the total variances of the two systems were the same and the mean values were the same.The results of accuracy analysis showed that the maximum relative error of SDSPS was 0.31%compared with that of SDSIP.The results of system stabil

关 键 词：农业机械 传感器 种子 气吸式排种器 吸种性能 检测系统 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]