赤水丹霞地貌区植被覆盖度时空变化分析  

Spatial temporal variation of vegetation coverage of reddish landform in Chishui City

作　　者：杨菊 熊康宁 肖时珍[1,2] YANG Ju;XIONG Kangning;XIAO Shizhen(School of Karst Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,Chin;State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学喀斯特研究院,贵州贵阳550001 [2]贵州师范大学国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《人民长江》2018年第18期38-44,共7页Yangtze River

基　　金：贵州省研究生教育创新计划项目"贵州省熊康宁喀斯特环境研究生导师工作室"(黔教研合GZS字[2016]04号);"贵州师范大学-赤水市人民政府中国丹霞赤水世界遗产地(2011-2018)共建"资助项目

摘　　要：为掌握世界自然遗产地赤水丹霞植被覆盖的时空变化特征,选取1988,2003,2009,2011,2014年8~9月5个时期Landsat TM/OLI遥感影像,以像元二分模型估算提取植被覆盖度,结合海拔、坡度、坡向等地形因子和人类活动影响来探索赤水丹霞植被覆盖度时空变化规律。结果表明:26 a间,赤水丹霞植被覆盖度明显恢复和提高,不同等级的植被覆盖度有小幅度转移变化,海拔、坡度和坡向在不同程度上影响各等级植被覆盖度的时空分布,海拔1 600 m以下的低山、低中山趋向高植被覆盖度;植被覆盖度较高区域主要分布于坡度16°以上;阳坡、半阳坡获得的太阳辐射能较多,阳坡的植被覆盖度明显高于阴坡。人类活动对赤水丹霞植被覆盖变化的破坏和建设作用同时存在,缓冲区的旅游设施建设和城镇化发展导致遗产地植被覆盖度受到明显干扰,退耕造林、关停矿山等一系列遗产地保护措施促进了遗产地的植被覆盖度提高。研究成果可为赤水丹霞世界自然遗产地的生态环境保护和可持续发展提供一定的参考。To master the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of vegetation cover of reddish landform in Chishui City,this paper selected the Landsat TM/OLI remote sensing images of August and September in 1988,2003,2009,2011 and 2014.We estimated vegetation coverage by the pixel two model and explored the temporal and spatial variation of vegetation coverage in reddish landform in consideration of the elevation,slope,aspect and other topographic factors and the influence of human activities.The results showed that from 1988 to 2014,the vegetation coverage of reddish landform in Chishui City was restored and improved.The vegetation coverage of different grades had a small shift.The topographic factors such as altitude,slope gradient and aspect affected the spatial and temporal distribution of vegetation coverage in different degrees.The vegetation coverage in low and low-middle mountain under 1 600 m tended to be high vegetation coverage;The high coverage area was mainly distributed in the slope over 16°;the solar radiation in sunny slope and half-sunny slope was more,so the vegetation coverage in sunny slope was obviously higher than that in shady slope.Human activities had simultaneously destructive and constructive impact on the vegetation cover changes.The vegetation coverage of reddish landform in Chishui City was obviously disturbed by the construction of the tourist facilities and urbanization in the buffer zone.While a series of world heritage conservation measures such as returning farmland to forest and stopping mining promoted the increase of vegetation coverage.The research can provide some references for the ecological environment protection and sustainable development of reddish landform in Chishui City.

关 键 词：赤水丹霞 植被覆盖度 遥感监测 地形因子 人类活动 

分 类 号：T[一般工业技术]