政府管制与取消管制对药品价格的影响研究——以消化类药品为例  

Influence of government regulation and deregulation on the drugs' price:A case study in digestive drug

作　　者：阳明春 田野[1] 邹武捷 韩晟[2] 史录文[1,2] 管晓东[1,2] YANG Ming-chun;TIAN Ye;ZOU Wu-jie;HAN Sheng;SHI Lu-wen;GUAN Xiao-dong(School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;International Research Center of Medicinal Administration,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学药学院,北京100191 [2]北京大学医药管理国际研究中心,北京100191

出　　处：《中国卫生政策研究》2018年第9期53-58,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Policy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71303011)

摘　　要：目的:探究政府管制与取消管制对药品价格的影响,为药品定价政策制定提供依据。方法:研究提取全国医药经济信息网数据库中2011年1月-2016年6月64种消化类药品价格水平、用量和费用的月度数据,通过有对照的间断时间序列(interrupted time-series,ITS)模型,分别分析政府管制和取消管制后样本药品的价格水平、用量与费用变化,其中使用固定拉氏价格指数衡量药品价格水平。第一个ITS分析政府管制的影响,利用2011年1月-2015年6月的月度数据,间断点为2012年5月;第二个ITS分析取消管制的影响,利用2014年6月-2016年6月的月度数据,间断点为2015年6月。结果:政府管制政策实施后,短期内干预组药品相比于对照组的价格指数无显著变化(β_6=-0.000 452,P=0.994),但长期增长趋势显著下降(β_7=-0.050 7, P<0.001)。在取消管制政策实施后,短期内干预组相较于对照组药品明显下降(β_6=-0.042 7,P=0.005);长期来看,两组药品价格指数变为上升趋势,干预组相较于对照组药品价格指数趋势变化无显著差异(β_7=0.002 83, P=0. 170)。政府管制与取消管制政策实施前后,消化类药品的用量和费用均无显著变化。结论:政府管制可以有效控制药品价格增长趋势,而取消管制在短期可以使药品价格降低,长期来看药品价格仍持续增长,价格管制或取消管制对药品的用量和费用无影响。Objective:This study is to examine the influence of regulation and deregulation on digestive drugs'price,and provide a basis for policy formulation.Methods:Price data of 64 digestive drugs from January 2011 to June 2016 were collected from 699 hospitals.Two interrupted time series designs(ITS)with control groups were conducted to examine changes of monthly price,usage and cost.We used Laspeyres Index to evaluate price.The first ITS,to examine the effect of government regulation,was set from January 2011 to June 2015,and the change point was May 2012.The second ITS,to examine the effect of deregulation,was set from June 2014 to June 2016,and the change point was June 2015.Result:After the implementation of regulatory policy,there was no significant change in the price of the drug between two groups(β6=-0.000 452,P=0.994),while the price trend was significantly different(β7=-0.050 7,P<0.001).After the implementation of the deregulation policy,we found that compared with control group,the price index of intervention group decreased significantly(β6=-0.042 7,P=0.005)in short time.There was no significant difference(β7=0.002 83,P=0.170)between the price indexes of two groups in long term.Before and after the implementation of policies,no significant change was seen in the usage and cost of digestive drugs.Conclusion:Government regulation could effectively control the growth of price index of drugs,while the deregulation made the drug prices decrease immediately but increase in long term.But both government regulation and deregulation had no effect on the usage and cost of drugs.

关 键 词：政府管制 取消管制 药品价格 消化类药品 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]