理解中国特色大国外交  

Understanding Major-Country Diplomacy with Chinese Characteristics

作　　者：张清敏[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学国际关系学院 [2]北京大学外交学系

出　　处：《世界经济与政治》2018年第9期64-87,157,158,共26页World Economics and Politics

摘　　要：自2014年中央外事工作会议提出中国必须有自己特色的大国外交以来,学界对中国外交的大国特色已有不少研究,但至今尚未形成共识。从历史的维度看,中国特色大国外交是近代以来中国对外关系中如何处理西学与中学关系主题的延续,是中国特色社会主义进入新阶段自信的体现;从大小国家外交特点比较的角度看,中国外交的大国特色体现在中国发展中大国的定位、不走强国必霸老路的承诺以及新的对外政策理念上,但需要更多的外交实践来充实这一特色的内涵;从制度角度看,中国共产党对外交工作全面集中和统一的领导是中国外交制度的最根本特色,也是中国外交制度的优势;从民族特色角度看,中国外交中中国文化特色日趋显著,是中国在融入国际社会、实现国际化过程中自觉意识回归的一种表现,将会更加突出;从领导人个人层面看,首脑外交和主场多边外交成为亮点,通过礼宾礼仪改革彰显大国威仪、风范和气度,是新时期中国外交显著的个人特色。Ever since the Central Committee’s working conference on China’s foreign affairs called for developing a major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics in 2014,scholars have conducted many researches on this topic,yet a consensus has to be reached as to what these characteristics are.From a historical perspective,such an endeavor is a continuation of the effort in balancing between western learning and Chinese learning in the recent history of China’s foreign relations,revealing that the confidence in China’s diplomacy as socialism with Chinese characteristics has crossed the threshold into a new era.Comparatively,China’s major country diplomacy are embodied in China’s self-identification as the biggest developing country,its commitment not to embark on the old road that a country would seek hegemony once it becomes strong,as well its new foreign policy concepts,while this very feature needs to be substantiated by diplomatic deeds rather than just words.Institutionally,the Chinese communist Party s overall and centralized leadership in diplomacy is both the defining feature and advantage of China’s diplomatic system.The fact that China’s diplomacy has demonstrated more Chinese cultural elements since the end of the Cold War indicates the awakening of national consciousness as China becomes integrated into the international system.This cultural feature will become more salient as China becomes further internationalized.More recently,diplomacy in chief and home court multilateral diplomacy has featured China’s diplomacy.Reforms in diplomatic protocol and etiquette for such diplomatic occasions to demonstrate the dignity,authorities,and majestic manners of China as a major country have increasingly demonstrated impressive leadership style.

关 键 词：中国外交 大国外交特色 中国外交制度 中国外交传统 中国外交风格 

分 类 号：D82[政治法律—政治学]