马克思主义两大部类经济增长模型的理论与实证研究  

A Theoretical and Empirical Study of a Marxist Two-sector Economic Growth Model

作　　者：王艺明 刘一鸣 WANG Yiming;LIU Yiming(The Wang Yanan Institute for Studies in Economics,Xiamen University;School of Economics,Xiamen University)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学王亚南经济研究院,经济学院,361005 [2]厦门大学王亚南经济研究院,博士研究生361005

出　　处：《经济研究》2018年第9期37-51,共15页Economic Research Journal

基　　金：本文获得国家社科基金重点项目“稳增长、调结构、转方式的理论和实践研究”(项目编号:14AZD018)的支持。

摘　　要：本文构建了一个马克思两大部类经济增长模型,该模型结合了马克思的劳动价值论、剩余价值理论、两大部类模型、简单再生产和扩大再生产公式以及利润率平均化等理论,创新之处是考虑了两大部类的利润率平均化,在生产过程中引入了固定资产投入,并设定了劳动节约型技术进步,再结合马克思的扩大再生产公式推导得到两大部类社会总产品或国民收入的增长公式,还应用中国宏观经济数据对模型中的重要假设和结论进行实证检验。研究结果支持劳动者实物工资与劳动生产率同比例增长、劳动生产率与生产资料数量同比例增长和劳动节约型技术进步等模型设定。从中国经济增长的实践来看,确实存在"生产资料部类优先增长"的规律,而用市场价格计算的一般利润率在多数时间保持相对稳定。This article develops a Marxist two-sector economic growth model,which combines Marx s labor theory of value,the theory of surplus value,the two-sector model,the simple reproduction and expanded reproduction formula,and the theory of the average rate of profit.It contributes to the literature by taking into account the average profitability of the two sectors,introducing the investment of fixed assets in the production process and labor-saving technological progress,and making use of Marx s expanded reproduction formula to derive the growth formulas of the total social products or national income in the two sectors.In addition,this article adopts Chinese macroeconomic data to empirically test the model s assumptions and conclusions.The main results have several implications.First,the value of the commodity and the production price of the two sectors are determined by invested labor time under the established production technology conditions in this model.However,the production price ratio of the commodity in the two sectors is usually unequal to the value ratio.If the technical composition of capital in one sector is higher,the production price of the commodity will be higher than its value.The rate of profit and the surplus value rate are both equal between the two sectors.Second,considering the single-stage model under simple reproduction conditions,the output of the production materials sector will just compensate for consumption during the production of the two sectors.A surplus will remain after production from the consumption materials sector compensates for the consumption materials of the labor in the two sectors if and only if the rate of profit or the surplus value rate is greater than zero.Third,considering the multi-stage model under constant labor productivity and expanded reproduction conditions,there is no technological advancement and increase in the organic composition of capital.Therefore,the production growth rate of the two sectors is determined by the established production technology conditi

关 键 词：马克思主义 两大部类 经济增长 扩大再生产 利润率平均化 

分 类 号：F091.91[经济管理—政治经济学]