变螺旋铣刀结构设计与优化对铣削稳定性的影响  

The Effect of Structure Design and Optimization of Variable Helix Milling Cutter for Milling Stability

作　　者：孙凯[1] 李体仁[1] 于旻 SUN Kai;LI Ti-ren;YU Min(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi′an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学机电工程学院,西安710021

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2018年第9期30-32,36,共4页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(17JK0092);陕西科技大学博士科研启动基金项目(BJ-160)

摘　　要：颤振是限制铣削生产率和影响工件加工质量的重要因素之一,稳定性图表和变螺旋铣刀结构设计是目前常用的抑制铣削颤振的方法。结合铣削过程中的稳定性极限三维叶瓣图对变螺旋铣刀结构进行设计优化,进而得到变螺旋铣刀最优螺旋角变量和齿距角变量。首先建立变螺旋铣刀铣削过程的动力学模型,结合仿真分析获得颤振稳定性三维叶瓣图,得到最大稳定性切削深度对应的最优螺旋角变量和齿距角变量值分别为1°和8.1°。实验结果可知,相较于常规结构铣刀,优化得到的变螺旋铣刀能够显著提高铣削稳定性极限、提高表面质量,为抑制铣削过程中颤振的变螺旋铣刀结构设计提供了理论基础。Chatter is one of the major limitations in milling operations causing poor quality and reduced productivity.Stability diagrams and structure design of milling cutter are commonly used to control milling chatter at present.According to the stability limit of milling process,3-D stability lobes diagram is used to optimize the structure of variable helix angle of milling cutter,and then the optimal helix angle variable and the tooth pitch angle variable of the variable milling cutter are obtained.Firstly,the dynamic model of milling process of variable helical milling cutter is established,the optimal screw angle variables and the variable values of the pitch angle(1°,8.1°respectively)corresponding to the maximum stability cutting depth are obtained according to the 3-D stability lobes diagram obtained by simulation.Experimental results show that,compared with the conventional structure of milling cutter,the optimization of variable helix cutters can significantly improve the milling stability limit,improve the surface quality and provide a theoretical basis for the design of variable spiral cutter chatter suppression in milling process.

关 键 词：颤振 稳定性图表 动力学模型 变螺旋刀具 

分 类 号：TH161[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG506[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]