藜麦植株形态及花器结构的初步观察  

Primary observation the plant morphologic and floral structure on quinoa(Chenopodium quinoa Willd)

作　　者：袁飞敏 权有娟 刘德梅[1,3] 陈志国[1,3] YUAN Fei-min;QUAN You-juan;LIU De-mei;CHEN Zhi-guo(Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota,CAS,Xining 810008,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海西宁810008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院高原生物适应与进化重点实验室,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2018年第4期49-53,共5页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：青海省农牧厅2015年种子工程项目;青海省作物分子育种重点实验室项目

摘　　要：【目的】研究藜麦形态和花器结构,为藜麦栽培、优良品种筛选提供依据.【方法】采用田间实地观测、实验室取样解剖等手段,对藜麦植株形态和花器相关结构进行观测,记录和测试相关的结构特征指标.【结果】藜麦为野生驯化种或原始农家种,株高、穗色、叶片等形态各异,花序有圆锥花序、穗状花序,但以穗状花序为主.花朵为完全花,由花柄、花托、花被、雄蕊和雌蕊五部分组成,花器中花被数目的变异范围为5～8枚;柱头数目的变异范围为2～4枚;雄蕊数目呈4～8枚分布.【结论】藜麦花器结构上的差异对开展藜麦品种资源评价、新品种杂交选育、丰产栽培等具有积极的意义.【Objective】To study the morphologic and floral structure of quinoa,to provide evidence for cultivation and screening improved breeds.【Method】The relation structures of quinoa flower were observed,record and measured index by means of field and laboratory.【Result】Quinoa is wild domesticated species or the original farm,the plant height,the color of spike,leaves have different morphology.The flower of quinoa was mongclinic,panicles and spike,composed of five parts:flower stalk,receptacle,perianth,stamens,and pistil.The range of variation of perianth number,stigmas number,stamens number were respectively 5~8,2~4,4~8.【Conclusion】The structural differences of quinoa flowers have positive significance for the evaluation of quinoa varieties,breeding of new varieties and cultivation.

关 键 词：藜麦 花器 形态结构 数目变异 

分 类 号：Q944.5[生物学—植物学]