近代以来西南边疆地区新物种引进与生态管理研究  

Introduction of new species to the borderland of southwestern China and its eco-management since early modern times

作　　者：周琼[1] ZHOU Qiong(Institute of Southwest Environmental History,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学西南环境史研究所,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《云南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第5期76-85,共10页Journal of Yunnan Normal University：Humanities and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：第二批"云岭学者"培养项目"中国西南边疆发展环境监测及综合治理研究"(201512018);2016年云南省马克思主义理论研究和建设工程及哲学社会科学重大项目"云南争当生态文明建设排头兵实践经验研究"(K6050439);云南大学服务云南行动计划"生态文明建设的云南模式研究"项目(KS161005)

摘　　要：中国边疆地区历来是新物种的迁移地及生存地,也是物种入侵的高发区,这与早期生态管理的缺失有密切关系。近现代的新物种尤其橡胶、桉树等经济物种引进西南边疆地区,因数量、族群及引种范围庞大,本土生态系统发生了从量到质的剧变,生物入侵无法遏制,生态危机加剧,与生态管理的缺失及滞后有密切关系。虽然部分生态管理区的生态恢复措施成效良好,但一度对物种引进管控制度出现缺位或空壳化,增加了生态管理及环境修复的难度,值得现当代生态文明建设鉴戒。China’s borderland has always been the relocation and habitat of new species,and is also a high-risk area for species invasion,which is related to the lack of eco-management in the early period.New species,especially rubber,eucalyptus,and other economic species have been introduced to the borderland of southwestern China since early modern times.Due to a large number of biological incursions that have not been curbed,the local ecosystem has undergone drastic changes from quantity to quality,causing serious ecological problems.Although some of the ecological restoration measures have performed well,China’s long-term lack of control over the introduction of new species has increased the difficulty of ecological management and environmental restoration,which gives warnings to modern eco-civilization builders.

关 键 词：新物种 生态破坏 生态管理 制度缺位 制度缺陷 

分 类 号：Q89[生物学] X3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]