组织工程肌细胞定向排列方法的研究进展  

Review of methods for muscle cell alignment in tissue engineering

作　　者：董贵荣 杨来侠[1] 连芩[2] 呼延一格 高扬 DONG Gui-rong;YANG Lai-xia;LIAN Qin;HUYAN Yi-ge;GAO Yang(College of Mechanical and Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学机械工程学院,陕西西安710054 [2]西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《西安科技大学学报》2018年第5期783-791,共9页Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51375371;51605379);国家863计划项目(2015AA020303;2015AA042503-2)

摘　　要：应用计算机检索PubMed数据库及Web of Science数据库,检索关于细胞定向排列方法的文章,中文检索词为"肌细胞排列,组织工程,表面结构约束,表面化学修饰,力学刺激,电磁刺激"。总结近年来关于组织工程肌细胞定向排列方法,对其进行简要的综述,分析关键技术,探讨存在的问题并展望发展前景。肌细胞排列在细胞骨架重组、膜蛋白迁移、核基因表达和ECM重塑的过程中起到至关重要的作用。同时,对组织再生和调节组织的力学性能也有很大的影响。因此,细胞排列成为生物力学,细胞生物学,组织工程和再生医学应用中的关键技术。随着纳米和微制造等技术的发展,目前常用表面结构约束,表面化学修饰,外界刺激等方法,能有效诱导肌细胞定向排列,为进一步的细胞分化和形成肌小管提供条件。但是,目前的研究仍然存在一些不足,例如,马血清对细胞排列分化的促进机制仍不明确,仿生结构研究较少,极低频磁场对细胞排列的影响仍属空白等,是肌肉组织工程亟待解决的技术难点。最后,文章总结了在未来技术发展中,通过细胞精准打印,开发智能材料等新工艺,新材料控制细胞定向排列,不仅奠定了大尺寸三维支架制造和再生医学领域的理论基础,也是功能性肌肉组织的前瞻性研究方向,并将最终实现多层组织的集成,为临床应用提供研究基础。In this review paper,the keywords such as muscle cells alignment,tissue engineering,topographical patterning,surface chemical treatment and mechanical loading,have been used to search for articles on the orientational alignment of muscle cells in tissue engineering from the Pubmed and Web of Science databases.The purpose of this research is to overview the cutting-edge techniques,point out the existing problems and discuss the future work in the area of the muscle cell alignment.Playing a critical role in various cell behaviors including the cytoskeleton reorganization,membrane protein relocation,nucleus gene expression and ECM(extracellular matrix)remodeling,cell alignment is well known to exert significant impacts on the tissue regeneration and improved mechanical properties of muscle tissue.Therefore,it is essential to engineer cell alignment for biomechanics,cell biology,tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.With the rapid development of nano-and micro-scale technologies,a variety of approaches,for example,topographical patterning,surface chemical treatment and mechanical loading,have been developed to effectively drive cell alignment and provide a strong foundation for discovering the myocyte differentiation and the formation of myotube.In the meanwhile,this review outlines some research issues on topics-the mechanism of muscle cells alignment and differentiation enhanced by horse serum,the bionic structure research,the influence of extremely low frequency magnetic field on the cell arrangement,etc.It is concluded that as the technology is developing in the future,the research on precision printing of multicellular organisms and the development of intelligent materials assisting cells alignment will lay theoretical foundation for the fabrication of large-sized 3D scaffolds and the regenerative medicine field as well as clinical applications of the multi-layer organizations assembly.

关 键 词：肌细胞排列 组织工程 表面结构 表面化学修饰 力学加载 电磁刺激 

分 类 号：Q819[生物学—生物工程]