京津冀一体化进程中公共服务不平等累积性研究:1994—2015——基于增量供给与存量调整视角  

Accumulation of Public Services' Inequality Under the Integration of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region: 1994—2015——Based on Incremental Supply and Stock Adjustment Perspective

作　　者：李林君[1] 王莉娜 王海南[1] LI linjun;WANG lina;WANG Hainan(Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070)

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学财政税务学院 [2]首都经济贸易大学金融学院

出　　处：《经济与管理研究》2018年第10期93-110,共18页Research on Economics and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"中国个人所得税工薪所得综合费用扣除标准化设计--基于对区域;家庭规模及结构的细分"(71503176);国家社会科学基金重大项目"基于区域治理的京津冀协同发展重大理论与实践问题研究"(17ZDA059);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"财政分权与京津冀劳动力市场一体化研究"(16YJCZH092);北京市社会科学基金研究基地项目"京津冀基本公共服务存量差异测度及增量调整研究"(18JDYJB011)

摘　　要：京津冀地区内部公共服务呈"断崖式落差"。然而,"局部层面"公共服务均等化率先突破是推进"全国层面"公共服务均等化战略的有益尝试,京津冀协同发展为探索"跨省域"公共服务均等化提供了一个很好的实验机会。鉴于中国目前"公共服务不平等"现象是常年累积的结果,本文提出"公共服务增量不平等"和"公共服务存量不平等"的概念,用"本年支出合计"反映公共服务增量供给,用"本年支出合计(考虑物价因素后)的累积"近似反映公共服务存量。以区(地级市)为最小单位,将京津冀地区的43个区(地级市)作为研究对象,测算其户籍口径下1994—2015年基尼系数、广义熵指数,并得出以下基本判断:(1)京津冀各区(县、地级市)人均公共服务累积规模普遍持续增长且保持在较高的水平;(2)京津冀地区公共服务人均累积极端布局基本稳定;(3)通过增量调整降低存量不平等的公共服务均等化政策效果显露;(4)京津冀各区(县、地级市)公共服务存量不平等程度依然很高,长期以来人均公共服务存量基尼系数处于警戒线0. 36附近;(5)户籍口径公共服务不平等揭示了京津冀地区公共服务的真实差距。研究结论从公共服务增量、存量及累积性角度为正确处理北京、天津、河北和京津冀一体化之间的公共服务供给关系提供了政策依据。The public service in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is a“cliff drop”.The first breakthrough of public service equalization in some areas is a beneficial attempt to realize the public service equalization strategy at the national level.The coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region provides a good experimental opportunity to explore the equalization of public services in“inter-provincial regions”.Considering that China s public service inequality is a long-term cumulative results,this paper puts forward the concept of inequality of public service increment and inequality of public service stock,applies total annual expenditure to reflect the incremental supply of public services,and uses the cumulative amount of total annual expenditure(considering price factors)to reflect approximately the stock of public services.The paper,setting the area(city)as the smallest unit,43 areas(cities)in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as the research object,also calculating the gini coefficient and the generalized entropy index in the household register from 1994 to 2015.The following basic judgments are obtained:(1)the cumulative scale of per capita public services in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region continues to grow and remains at a high level;(2)the extreme distribution of public service per capita in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is basically stable;(3)the effect of equalization of public services to reduce stock inequality through incremental adjustment is revealed;(4)the inequality of public service stock in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is still very high,and the gini coefficient of public service per capita is around a warning line of 0.36 for a long time;(5)and the inequality of public service of the household registration reveals the true gap of public services in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.From the angle of public service increment,stock and accumulation,the conclusion provides the policy basis for correctly handling the public service supply relationship between Beijing,Tianjin,

关 键 词：公共服务 增量供给 累积性 不平等 京津冀 

分 类 号：F127[经济管理—世界经济] F812