伊犁绢蒿荒漠群落特征及植物多样性对短期封育的响应  

Response of Community Characteristics and Plant Diversity of Seriphidium transillense Desertsto Short-term Fencing

作　　者：刘慧敏[1] 董乙强 安沙舟[1] 杨娇[1] 阿依敏.波拉提 关欣 LIU Hui-min;DONG Yi-qiang;AN Sha-zhou;YANG Jiao;Ayimin Bolati;GUAN Xin(College of Pratacultural and Environmental Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2018年第7期1319-1325,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划"科技基础资源调查"专项课题"塔里木-准噶尔盆地荒漠主要植物群落调查"(2017FY100201)~~

摘　　要：【目的】研究封育对草地群落特征和植物多样性的影响规律,为该类退化草地恢复治理和科学经营提供理论依据。【方法】以玛纳斯县封育3a的伊犁绢蒿荒漠草地为对象,采用野外调查取样的方法,测定不同生长季(5月、7月和9月)围栏内外的群落数量特征,计算植物多样性指数。【结果】(1)与放牧区相比,伊犁绢蒿荒漠草地短期封育(3a)后群落高度、盖度和生物量分别显著提高52. 55%～91. 80%,40. 28%～108. 75%和44. 36%～75. 32%(P <0. 05),但植物多样性指数对封育的响应较小;(2) 5月围栏内外的群落盖度、密度、Margalef指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Simpson指数均显著高于7月和9月(P <0. 05),群落高度均显著低于7月和9月(P <0. 05),而围栏内外生物量在月际间差异不显著(P> 0. 05)。【结论】短期封育(3a)有利于退化伊犁绢蒿荒漠草地植被的恢复,但对植物多样性影响相对较小。【Objective】This research aims to clarify the effect of short-term fencing on the community characteristics and the plant diversity,which might provide a theoretical basis for the scientific management and recovering of the degraded grassland.【Method】The Seriphidium transilliense deserts of fencing 3 years in Manas County were as research object,and the community characteristics,plant diversity indexes of the fencing plot and the grazing plot indifferent growing season(May,July and September)were measured and analyzed by using the method of sampling field survey.【Result】(1)Compared with grazing plot,the community height,coverage and biomass of S.transilliense deserts in fencing plot were significantly increased(P<0.05)by 52.55%-91.80%,40.28%^-108.75%and 44.36%-75.32%,respectively,while the responses of plant diversity indexes to fencing were relative low as a whole;(2)The community coverage,density,Margalef index,Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index inside and outside the fence in May were significantly higher than in July and September(P<0.05),and the community height were significantly lower than in July and September(P<0.05),whereas the community biomass were not significantly different between the months(P>0.05).【Conclusion】Short-term fencing(3a)is beneficial to the restoration of vegetation in degraded S.transiliense deserts,but it has relative low effect on plant diversity.

关 键 词：伊犁绢蒿 荒漠 封育 群落特征 植物多样性 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]