指数施肥对美国山核桃幼苗生长及养分积累的影响  

Effects of Exponential Fertilization on Growth and Nutrient Accumulation of Carya illinoensis Seedlings

作　　者：王益明 万福绪[1] 李瑞瑞 胡菲 张慧 鞠昌华 裴文明 Wang Yiming;Wan Fuxu;Li Ruirui;Hu Fei;Zhang Hui;Ju Changhua;Pei Wenming(Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,P.R.China;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学,南京210037 [2]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2018年第9期21-25,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：江苏省林业三新工程项目(LYSX[2015]20);江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：以1年生美国山核桃(Carya illinoensis)实生苗为试验材料,以不施氮处理为对照,采用指数施肥法研究了5种氮素施肥处理(100、200、400、600、800 mg·株^(-1))对美国山核桃幼苗生长和养分积累的影响。结果表明:(1)美国山核桃幼苗的苗高、地径、茎生物量、叶生物量和总生物量均随着施氮量的增加而呈现先增后减的趋势,均在施氮量600 mg·株^(-1)时达到最大值,分别为33.4 cm、5.08 mm、2.30 g、4.39 g和9.33 g,是对照组的1.48、1.45、2.30、4.99、2.17倍。(2)根生物量随着施氮量的增加呈现出递减的趋势。(3)与对照组相比,各指数施肥处理的美国山核桃幼苗全株氮磷钾积累量分别提高了2.97~6.92、3.13~5.36、2.68~4.85倍,氮磷钾质量分数分别提高了0.98~3.35、1.07~2.50、0.84~1.80倍。(4)当施氮量≤600 mg·株^(-1)时,美国山核桃幼苗的总生物量和养分积累量均随着施氮量的增加而增加;当施氮量达到800 mg·株^(-1)时,其幼苗的总生物量和养分积累量出现明显下降;苗木养分质量分数始终保持上升趋势。因此,美国山核桃幼苗温室培育的最适施氮量约为600 mg·株^(-1)。An exponential fertilization experiment was conducted with six dose levels(0,100,200,400,600,800 mg·seedling^-1)of nitrogen to assess the effects on different nitrogen levels on the growth and nutrient accumulation of Carya illinoensis seedlings.It was indicated that:(1)The height,diameter,stem biomass,leaf biomass and total biomass of pecan seedlings increased as the nitrogen fertilization increased from 0 to 600 mg·seedling^-1,and then decreased with the nitrogen fertilization increased from 600 to 800 mg·seedling^-1.The maximum values were 2.30,4.39 and 9.33 g·seedling^-1,which were 1.48,1.45,2.30,4.99 and 2.17 times that of the CK,respectively.(2)The root biomass of pecan seedlings decreased with the increase of N supply.(3)For exponential fertilization treatments,the N accumulation increased by 297%-692%,P accumulation increased by 313%-536%and K accumulation increased by 268%-485%with N concentration increasing 98%-335%,P concentration increased by 107%-250%,and K concentration increased by 84%^-180%.(4)The nutrient accumulation and total biomass of pecan seedlings increased as the nitrogen fertilization increased from 0 to 600 mg·seedling^-1,and then decreased with the nitrogen fertilization increased from 600 to 800 mg·seedling^-1.The nutrient concentration of pecan seedlings increased with the increase of N supply.Therefore,600 mg·seedling^-1 would be the optimal nitrogen amount for pecan seedlings in greenhouse.

关 键 词：美国山核桃 指数施肥 氮素 养分积累 

分 类 号：S792.132[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S727.3[农业科学—林学]