基于区块链的可监管数字货币模型  

A Regulatable Digital Currency Model Based on Blockchain

作　　者：张健毅 王志强[1,2] 徐治理[1] 欧阳雅菲 杨涛 Zhang Jianyi;Wang Zhiqiang;Xu Zhili;Ouyang Yafei;Yang Tao(College of Computer Science and Technology,Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute,Beijing 100070;Information Technology Research Base of Civil Aviation Administration of China,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300;Beijing Fu-Link Technology Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100190;Key Laboratory of Information Network Security,Ministry of Public Security,Shanghai 200031)

机构地区：[1]北京电子科技学院计算机科学与技术学院,北京100070 [2]中国民航大学中国民航信息技术科研基地,天津300300 [3]北京孚链科技有限公司,北京100190 [4]信息网络安全公安部重点实验室,上海200031

出　　处：《计算机研究与发展》2018年第10期2219-2232,共14页Journal of Computer Research and Development

基　　金：信息网络安全公安部重点实验室开放课题项目(C18612;C17608);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(328201804);中国民航信息技术科研基地开放课题基金(CAAC-ITRB-201705)~~

摘　　要：以比特币为代表的数字货币具有去中心化特性,造成了监管上的困难.然而,针对去中心化的数字货币可监管研究工作相对较少,还有很多问题有待解决.提出了一种可监管的数字货币模型.该模型采用了双链结构设计,联盟链作为共识的核心参与者,收集和确认交易,决定系统的状态,加密存储完整的交易信息.联盟链参与者通过秘密共享保证用户交易数据的隐私性,也可以通过投票完成对交易内容的解密,以此来实现可控匿名.针对该模型,同时提出了一种基于信用的拜占庭容错机制.该机制配合简化的一致性协议以及检查点协议,让节点能够动态优化调整,促进整个模型进入良性循环.实验结果表明:该方法在保护用户隐私的前提下具有交易防篡改、可追溯、去中心化以及可监管的能力.容错性能、运行效率以及通信开销均达到设计要求.The digital currency,represented by Bitcoin,was designed to be a decentralized system.And this property makes the regulation more difficult.However,the research of designing a regulatable digital currency is very limited.In this paper,we introduce a new digital currency model based on two chains scheme,public blockchain and consortium blockchain.As the core participant,the consortium blockchain collects and confirms every transaction,determines the status of the system,and stores the complete transaction records.The users private information is guaranteed by the secret sharing in the consortium blockchain and also can be decrypted by the voting committee.Based on the characteristics and requirements of the consortium blockchain,we also introduce an agreement protocol based on the Credit Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance and use the simplified agreement protocol to offer high throughput for our model and flexibility of the system.With the view-change and checkpoint protocol,we can dynamically adjust the nodes status and authority.Extensive analysis and experimental results indicate that our proposed method is both efficient and secure.We believe that this is the first work that has the capacity of the tamper-resistant,traceability,decentralize and regulation.

关 键 词：区块链 联盟链 可监管 数字货币 共识机制 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]