高温胁迫对小麦花药叶绿素质量分数及RuBP羧化酶基因表达的影响  

Effects of High-temperature Stress on Chlorophyll Mass Fraction and RuBP Carboxylase Gene Expression in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

作　　者：侯泽豪 张迎新 王欢 孙坤坤 方正武 马东方 张改生 王书平 HOU Zehao;ZHANG Yingxin;WANG Huan;SUN Kunkun;FANG Zhengwu;MA Dongfang;ZHANG Gaisheng;WANG Shuping(College of Agriculture,Yangtze University/Hubei Key Laboratory of Water-logging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland,Jingzhou Hubei 434025,China;Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Agronomy,Northwest A&F University/Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center,Ministry of Education,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院/湖北省涝渍灾害与湿地农业重点实验室,湖北荆州434025 [2]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所,北京100101 [3]西北农林科技大学农学院/小麦育种教育部工程研究中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2018年第9期1280-1286,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金(2017CFB234;2016CFB478);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0100800);湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心开放基金(KF201708);长江青年科技创新团队基金(7011802111);长江大学青年科研支持计划基金(2016cqn37);长江大学博士启动基金(801180010145)~~

摘　　要：为了揭示高温胁迫下小麦花药叶绿素质量分数的变化规律及与RuBP羧化酶的关系,以正常生长条件下和高温胁迫下不同发育时期的花药(单核后期、二核期和三核期)为供试材料,比较分析小麦花药中叶绿素质量分数、RuBP羧化酶活性及其基因的表达水平。结果表明,自单核后期开始,高温胁迫下,花药中叶绿素质量分数显著低于相应的对照,并随着花药发育,这种差异幅度不断加大。而相对于叶绿素a、叶绿素b对温度则更为敏感,其变化幅度更为显著;同时在花药发育的整个时期内,处理植株的RuBP羧化酶活性及其基因的表达量也均显著低于对照植株。由此可见,高温胁迫严重破坏花药中叶绿体的光合作用系统,导致花药自养能力丧失且对外来营养物质的加工合成过程受阻,影响花药发育过程中物质供应的短缺,引起花药的败育。To reveal the chlorophyll concentration change in wheat anthers and its relationship with RuBP carboxylase(RuBPcase),wheat anthers treated by high-temperature and control materials at different developmental stages(later-uninucleate stage,binucleate stage and trinucleate stage)were used to study the chlorophyll mass fraction,RuBPcase activity and related gene expression.The results suggested that the concentration of chlorophyll decreased under high-temperature condition,and chlorophyll b was more sensitive to high-temperature stress than chlorophyll a;In addition,the activity of RuBPcase and its gene expression level decreased significantly in treated materials.These results suggested that the photosynthetic system in anthers could be destroyed under high-temperature,and this caused loss of autotrophic ability in anthers,the synthesis and accumulation of starch grains maintaining pollen grain development were blocked,and finally resulted in the abortion of anthers.

关 键 词：小麦 花药 高温胁迫 叶绿素 RUBP羧化酶 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330