叶片遮阴处理对逆序小麦灌浆特性的影响  

Effects of Leaf-shading on Grain Filling Properties of Inverse Leaf Aging Sequence Wheat

作　　者：邢建军[1] 汤毛月 杜光源[1] 唐燕[2] 王长发[3] 汪自庆[1] XING Jianjun;TANG Maoyue;DU Guangyuan;TANG Yan;WANG Changfa;WANG Ziqing(College of Sciences,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;College of Life Science,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;College of Agronomy,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学理学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2018年第8期1104-1111,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31201122);西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费专项资金科技创新一般项目(2452015070;2452015078)~~

摘　　要：为揭示逆序衰老小麦源库互作关系及叶片的衰老机制,以逆序衰老小麦‘兰考矮早8号’和正常衰老小麦‘小偃22’为材料,研究田间试验条件下花后不同时期套袋遮阴对小麦源库关系和灌浆特性的影响。结果表明:‘兰考矮早8号’具有相对较大的千粒质量和最大穗粒体积,具有较长的灌浆活跃期,且具有相对较高的灌浆速率;‘小偃22’顶二叶的干物质量在灌浆期内基本保持同步变化,而‘兰考矮早8号’旗叶干物质量比倒二叶早10d到达最大值;2种小麦的物候期对遮光处理的响应方式不同。遮光处理后‘小偃22’茎干物质量转运都被推迟,而‘兰考矮早8号’则正好相反,茎干物质转运提前;旗叶遮光显著降低‘小偃22’的最大穗粒体积,‘兰考矮早8号’倒二叶的遮光处理对穗粒体积的影响水平超过了旗叶的遮光处理。可见,逆序衰老小麦对遮光处理的适应性较强,具有通畅的碳同化物运输流和较大的籽粒库库容,是其保持较高灌浆活性和较长灌浆期的重要生物学基础。Inverse leaf aging sequence(ILAS)wheat has a certain proportion of tillers of which flag leaf senesced earlier than penultimate leaf in late grain filling stage.An ILAS wheat cultivar‘Lankaoaizao 8’and a normal aging sequence wheat cultivar‘Xiaoyan 22’were used as materials to investigate contributions of different leaves to grain filling,source-sink relations by shading the flag leaf or the penultimate leaf of wheat with a black handmade bag at different post-anthesis stages.The result was shown that‘Lankao ai zao 8’has a comparatively large thousand-grain mass,maximum grain volume per panicle,a long filling period and a relatively high filling rate.Dry matter mass of top two leaves of‘Xiaoyan 22’changed coherently,while for‘Lankaoaizao 8’,the flag leaf reaching its maximum dry matter mass was 10 d earlier than its penultimate leaf.Shading treatment regulated the phenology of two cultivars differently.Leaf shading delayed the remobilization of stem dry matter in‘Xiaoyan 22’.In contrast,the remobilization of stem dry matter was early motivated in‘Lankaoaizao 8’treated with leaf shading.Maximum grain volume per ear of‘Xiaoyan 22’was reduced significantly by the flag leaf shading.The penultimate leaf shading caused more decrease of grain volume in‘Lankaoaizao 8’than flag leaf shading.It was concluded that ILAS wheat had a high adaptability to shading treatment.A continuous transport of carbon assimilation and a large grain storage capacity,which lead to the biological basis for high grain-filling activity and long grain-filling stage in ILAS wheat.

关 键 词：小麦 逆序衰老 灌浆 源库关系 

分 类 号：S183[农业科学—农业基础科学]