从“官箴王阙”到官吏自箴--传统官箴形态的演变  

From "Officials' Warning against Emperors' Shortcomings" to Officials' Self-warning——Evolution of Traditional Form of Guan Zhen

作　　者：仝晰纲[1,2] 唐百成 Tong Xigang;Tang Baicheng(Institute of Qilu Culture of Shandong Normal University,Jinan Shandong 250014;School of Arts and Humanities of University of the Punjab)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学齐鲁文化研究院,山东济南250014 [2]旁遮普大学艺术与人文学院,旁遮普拉合尔54590

出　　处：《理论学刊》2018年第5期141-153,共13页Theory Journal

基　　金：本文系国家社科基金项目“中国历代官箴研究”(项目编号:11BZS006)、山东省社科规划研究项目“中国传统官箴文化研究”(项目编号:15CWHJ23)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：中国传统官箴形态的演变并非呈现为直线型,而是一个漫长、曲折和反复的历史过程。具体说来,官箴最初的形态以"箴君"为主,但西周出现了"箴官"的萌芽;春秋战国,"箴官"持续发展,并严重挑战"箴君"的主体地位。进入西汉,"官箴王阙"的传统得到复兴,但东汉之时,"箴官"又取得压倒性优势。魏晋南北朝时期,"箴君"与"箴官"呈现"二元并立"之格局。隋唐时期,"箴官"取得了主导地位,但尚有"君臣互箴"的色彩;宋元明清,"箴官"的主导地位被再度强化,并最终走向官吏自箴。The evolution of Chinese traditional form of Guanzhen is not linear,but a long and tortuous historical process.Specifically speaking,the original form of Guanzhen is to warn against emperors'shortcomings,but in Western Zhou Dynasty there appeared the bud of waring against officials,which continued to develop during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period and challenged the dominating position of"warning against emperors".In Western Han Dynasty,the tradition of warning against emperors was restored,but in the Eastern Han Dynasty,warning against officials gained an overwhelming superiority.In Wei Jin and Northern and Southern Dynasties,warning against emperors and warning against officials coexisted.In Sui and Tang Dynasties,warning against officials was dominating,and in Song,Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties,the dominating position of warning against officials was strengthened and finally evolved into officials'self-warning.

关 键 词：“官箴王阙” 官吏自箴 形态 演变 

分 类 号：K207[历史地理—历史学]