扎坝语趋向前缀的语法化  

Grammaticalization of Directional Prefixes in nDrapa

作　　者：黄阳[1] 吴福祥[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学人文学院,成都611756 [2]中国社会科学院语言研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《民族语文》2018年第4期21-36,共16页Minority Languages of China

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"木雅语西部方言语法研究"(16CYY058);国家社科基金重大项目"中国境内语言语法化词库建设"(15ZDB100);西南交通大学中央高校业务经费项目"川西民族语言中的若干语言接触现象"(2682018WXTD03)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：扎坝语源于方位名词的5个趋向前缀除了表达动作趋向功能外,已进一步语法化为完整体标记、瞬间体标记、状态变化标记、命令式标记、断言式标记。本文首先从共时层面描写了扎坝语趋向前缀多样性的语法功能,然后从历时角度构拟了趋向前缀在扎坝语中的语法化路径,最后通过比较羌语支内部不同语言,认为趋向前缀在羌语支语言中的语法化方向具有一致性,这一共享的语法化模式是羌语支语言平行创新的结果。Originated from directional nouns,the five nDrapa directional prefixes have grammaticalized to'perfective markers','punctual aspect markers','change-of-state markers','imperative markers'and'assertive markers'.This paper first provides a synchronic description of the multiple functions of the directional prefixes.Based on that,it goes on to discuss the diachronic development of them,attempting to depict the schemata of their grammaticalization.In light of the comparison of the Qiangic languages,this paper argues that the grammaticalization pattern of these prefixes is shared by almost all memberbs of the Qiangic group.This shared gramaticaliztion model may result from the parallel innovation of the Qiangic languages.

关 键 词：扎坝语 趋向前缀 语法化 平行创新 

分 类 号：H274[语言文字—少数民族语言]