国内外石墨矿产资源及其分布概述  

Summarize on the graphite mineral resources and their distribution at home and abroad

作　　者：张苏江[1] 崔立伟[1] 张彦文 韩健[1] 尚磊[1] ZHANG Sujiang;CUI Liwei;ZHANG Yanwen;HAN Jian;SHANG Lei(Cores and Samples Center of Land and Resources,China Geological Survey,Sanhe 065201,China)

机构地区：[1]国土资源实物地质资料中心,河北三河065201

出　　处：《中国矿业》2018年第10期8-14,共7页China Mining Magazine

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目"整装勘查区1:5万矿产地质调查实物资料应用与服务"资助(编号:DD20160051)

摘　　要：石墨已成为航空航天工业、核工业、国防工业及国民经济不可或缺的战略性资源。世界石墨资源丰富,主要分布于亚洲、欧洲、大洋洲、北美洲及拉丁美洲。截至2016年底,全球已探明的天然石墨资源储量达2.5亿t,中国储量占比为22%,排名世界第三。作为中国最为重要的战略性优势矿产资源之一,石墨在全国范围内均有分布,矿床类型以区域变质型、接触变质型及岩浆热液型为主,集中分布于吉黑、华北陆块北缘、华北陆块、上扬子、华南、阿尔泰准噶尔等6个成矿省。通过分析国内外石墨矿床类型、资源分布特征,结合中国石墨矿产勘查开发的新进展,提出需加强国内优质石墨综合调查评价、开展全球石墨资源战略研究、建立国家石墨资源战略储备制度、统筹规划全国石墨产业布局与资源合理开发利用等建议。Graphite has become an indispensable strategic resource of aerospace industry,nuclear industry,national defense industry and national economy.The graphite resources in the world are rich,mainly distributed in Asia,Europe,Oceania,North America and Latin America.By 2016,the world s proven natural graphite reserves are 250 Mt,China s graphite reserves accounted for 22%,ranking third in the world.As one of the most important strategic advantages of mineral resources in China,graphite is distributed all over the country.The graphite deposits are mainly of regional metamorphic type,contact metamorphic type and magmatic hydrothermal type in genesis,they are mainly distributed in six metallogenic provinces such as Jilin-Heilongjiang,northern margin of north China block,north China block,upper Yangtze,south China,Altai and Junggar etc.By analyzing the type of graphite deposits resources,distribution characteristics,and combined with the new progress of exploration and exploitation of graphite ore in China,it is proposed that it is necessary to strengthen comprehensive investigation and evaluation of domestic high quality graphite;to carry out strategic research on global graphite resources;to establish the national strategic reserves institution of graphite resources;to overall planning of nationwide graphite industry layout and rational exploitation and utilization of resources.

关 键 词：石墨矿 矿产资源 分布特征 中国 

分 类 号：F407.1[经济管理—产业经济] F416.1