剪切增稠胶/聚氨酯泡沫复合材料的制备与力学性能  

Preparation and Mechanical Performance of Shear Thickening Glue/Polyurethane Foam Composites

作　　者：刘小可 俞科静[1] 钱坤[1] LIU Xiaoke;YU Kejing;QIAN Kun(Key Laboratory of Eco-Textile of Ministry of Education,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122)

机构地区：[1]江南大学生态纺织教育部重点实验室,无锡214122

出　　处：《材料导报》2018年第18期3255-3260,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：连云港市产业前瞻与共性关键技术科技项目(CG1520);江苏省产学研联合创新资金-前瞻性联合研究项目(BY2016022-07);"十三五"国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC-0304301);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(JUSRP51718A);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：以聚氨酯泡沫(PUF)为体系基础,向体系中添加聚合物剪切增稠胶(STG),采用一步法成功制备了STG/PUF复合材料。研究分析了异氰酸酯指数(R值)以及STG含量对STG/PUF复合材料结构和性能的影响。结果表明,STG的加入会使泡沫的泡孔变大,发泡困难,但是会在一定范围内增加复合材料的压缩强度,并且会显著提高泡沫的静态吸能量,制备的STG/PUF样品(R值为0.75,STG质量分数为10%)的静态吸能量约为PUF的13倍。另外,随着R值的增加,PUF的密度先减小后增大,硬度逐渐增大,当异氰酸酯含量过高时,会导致泡沫脆性增加,降低其力学性能。当R值为0.75、STG质量分数为10%时,复合材料的力学性能最优。The STG/PUF composites were prepared by a one-step method using polyurethane foam(PUF)as the basis of the system,with the presence of polymer shear thickening glue(STG).The influence of isocyanate index(R value)and STG content on microstructure and properties of the resultant STG/PUF composites were investigated.The results showed that the addition of STG enlarges the foam cells and inhibits the foaming process,while nevertheless,improves to a certain extent the composite’s compressive strength as well as remarkably promotes static energy absorption as the STG/PUF sample(R value is 0.75,STG mass fraction is 10%)exhibits an energy absorption capacity of about 12 times larger than that of PUF.In addition,the increasing R value,results in a biphasic(decrease→increase)change of PUF density,and a gradually increasing trend of hardness,but excessive isocyanate content would lead to the foam’s brittleness increment and the mechanical properties deterioration.The foam composite can achieve the optimum mechanical properties when the R value is 0.75 and the mass fraction of STG is 10%.

关 键 词：剪切增稠胶(STG) 聚氨酯泡沫(PUF) 力学性能 静态吸能量 

分 类 号：TQ328.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]