中国儒家传统中的自我修为思想:对交换范式的审视与补充  

Theory of self-cultivation extracted from Confucianism: A reflection and supplement to social exchange paradigm

作　　者：段锦云[1] 徐悦[1] 郁林瀚 DUAN Jinyun;XU Yue;YU Linhan(Department of Psychology,Soochow University,Suzhou 215123,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学心理学系,苏州215123

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2018年第10期1890-1900,共11页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71372180)支持

摘　　要：目前中国管理研究以引入西方管理理论为主,缺乏相应的本土理论支持,而中国的本土管理理论离不开中国的传统哲学思想。为了更好阐释并分析中国组织情境中的现象和问题,本文从中西方传统人性观出发,基于中西方文化中个体行为规整方式之差异,尝试与社会交换范式进行对比,以中国传统文化中儒家之自我修为观点为基础,提出自我修为思想。相较于外控和契约,自我修为主张个人通过道德规范的内化,不断接近自我反省、约束、学习、提升和奉献的境界,并在修身进程中不断有所作为,施益于他人,服务于集体,并实现自我。文章期望对当下中国组织中无法完全用社会交换范式解释的现象提供一个新的解释视角。The indigenous research on Chinese management is emerging,but there is still a lack of proper indigenous theories to support such empirical studies.The theme of this paper is to extract cultivation thought from Confucianism mainly,and try to construct self-cultivation theory that rooted in Chinese traditional philosophy in order to provide a new explanation to those indigenous phenomena.Firstly,this paper tried to describe the background of constructing self-cultivation theory which could be generalized into two aspects,one is the difference and similarity of assumption about human nature and the other one is the distinction about external and internal control towards human’s behavior in western and Chinese society.Secondly,this paper analyzed pre-Qin’s cultivation-related discourse and then summarized their similarities to give a definition towards the thought of self-cultivation which refers to the process of a person pursuing ideal personality and high level of moral standard.Self-cultivation emphasizes self-conscious,initiative,selfless and includes self-reflection,self-discipline,self-study,self-improvement and self-dedication that reflects an ideal realm of“Chun Tzu”.Thirdly,a comparison between self-cultivation and social exchange paradigm was done to better understand self-cultivation thought on account of the widely use of social exchange paradigm in illustrating organization behaviors.Finally,the paper tried to make a list of the potential contributions and applications of self-cultivation in indigenous research of Chinese organization behaviors.

关 键 词：自我修为 社会交换思想 儒家思想 人性假设 自律和契约 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C93[哲学宗教—心理学]