冬季饮水温度对断奶仔猪生长性能与行为的影响  

Effects of drinking water temperature on growth performance and behavior of weaned piglets in winter

作　　者：张智 梁丽萍 李保明[1,2,3] 赵婉莹 郑炜超 Zhang Zhi;Liang Liping;Li Baoming;Zhao Wanying;Zheng Weichao(Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Engineering Research Center for Animal Healthy Environment,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农业农村部设施农业工程重点实验室,北京100083 [2]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083 [3]北京市畜禽健康养殖环境工程技术研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2018年第20期204-209,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2018YFD0500700)

摘　　要：饮水是猪只健康生长的基本条件,但饮水温度是养猪生产中常被忽略的重要因素。饮水温度不适宜将导致猪饮水不足和各种肠道性疾病的发生,严重影响其健康。有关不同饮水温度对断奶仔猪生长性能和行为影响的研究较少,同时现有恒温饮水装置主要用于奶牛饮水,并不适用于规模化猪场,也未在养猪产业内应用推广。为确定适宜断奶仔猪的饮水温度并实现冬季精准恒温饮水,该研究设计了一套利用温度传感器、温控仪等实现自动加热保温的恒温饮水装置,并分析饮水管路的热特性,确定了舍内空气温度、保温桶容积与饮水管路进水温度设定值之间的关系;基于该恒温饮水装置,对比研究了饮水温度分别为13、25、30℃时对断奶仔猪饮水量、生长性能、健康指标和行为的影响。结果表明:25℃的饮水能显著提高仔猪的日饮水量(P<0.05)、饮水行为比例和活动行为比例(P<0.05)、频次(P<0.05),能提高仔猪的日增质量,降低料重比(P<0.05),降低断奶仔猪的发病率和腹泻率(P<0.05)。该研究结果以期为动物福利化养殖模式的改进提供理论参考。Temperature of drinking water is one of the main factors affecting performance of piglets but it seldom arouses attention by producers.Inappropriate temperature of drinking water can not only have negative impact on welfare and health,but also increase the occurrence of intestinal diseases,resulting in significant economic losses in large-scale piglets production.It was required to settle the urgent issue on how to provide the suitable drinking water temperature,and explain the relationship between drinking water temperature and piglet performance.The objective of this study is to find out the suitable temperature of drinking water for weaned piglets,and provide the drinking water under a constant temperature for the piglets.An automatic drinking water heating apparatus was developed to provide drinking water under a constant temperature,and this water heating equiped with temperature sensor and temperature controller.It was important to analyze the thermal characteristics of drinking water supply pipeline,in order to obtain the relationship between the indoor air temperature,the volume of insulated bucket and the setting inlet temperature of the drinking water pipeline.This relationship can provide a guidance for the uniformity of drinking water supply pipeline in different indoor temperatures.The experiments were conducted in a large-scale pig house located at Jiangsu,and at three levels of different drinking water temperature(13,25 and 30℃).Each level was repeated 4 times,and 10 heads of weaned piglets(120 heads of piglets in total)were selected for each trial.The average indoor temperature and relative humidity was 21.5℃and 63%in the experiment,respectively.The average daily weight gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI)and ratio of feed to gain(F/G),water intake,diarrhea rate and morbidity rate(MBR)of weaned piglets in each group were recorded.The frequency and time of various behaviors were also monitored using cameras and digital behavior image recorders in the peak period of drinking and feeding(08:

关 键 词：装置 水 温度 断奶仔猪 行为 生长性能 

分 类 号：S815.4[农业科学—畜牧学]