不同土壤水分条件下北京山梅花生长与耗水特性研究  

Studied of characteristics of growth and water consumption of Philadelphus pekinensis under different soil water conditions

作　　者：刘嘉翔 赵丹[1] 杨建伟 史宝胜[1] LIU Jia-xiang;ZHAO Dan;YANG Jian-wei;SHI Bao-sheng(College of Landscape and Travel,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,071000)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园林与旅游学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2018年第5期84-89,共6页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省科技厅项目(17226320D);河北省林业科学技术研究项目(1704487)

摘　　要：采用盆栽控水试验对比研究了不同土壤水分CK、W1、W2、W3(分别为田间最大持水量的80%~75%、65%~60%、50%~45%、35%~30%)对野生花灌木北京山梅花耗水及生长的影响。结果表明:北京山梅花的耗水日进程、耗水速率日变化在各处理下均呈"单峰型"曲线;Gs、Tr日变化呈"双峰型"曲线;W1、W2处理下的水分利用效率日变化显著高于其他处理;各水分梯度的日耗水量随天气的变化趋势均为晴天>半晴天>阴天;株高、总叶面积、干重等生长指标在不同水分梯度下差异显著,过高或过低的土壤含水量会降低植株的根冠比;北京山梅花日耗水量与环境因子的相关性大小依次为:光照>气温>相对湿度(负)。综合考虑其耗水量、水分利用效率及生长状况,建议选择控制土壤水分在田间最大持水量的65%~60%,既起到节水的效果,又能保障植株正常生长。A pot experiment with controlled water supply was performed to analyze and compare the effects of different soil moistures:CK(75%-80%of MFC),W1(65%-60%of MFC),W2(50%-45%of MFC)and W3(35%-30%of MFC))on growth and water transpiration(WC)characteristics of Philadelphus pekinensis.The results indicated that:The daily variation of the water-consumption and water consumption rate of all treatments presented a convex curve;the daily variation of Gs and Tr presented bimodal curve;the daily variation of WUE in W1/W2 are significantly higher than other treatments.The ability of daily water-consumption for transpiration was sunny day>cloudy day>overcast day in the typical weather.There existed significant differences in height,total leaf areas,dry weights of plants under different gradients of soil water content,if the soil moisture contents were too high or too low,they could made the rootshoot ratio of plants reduce.Correlation regression analysis demonstrated that the WC of Philadelphus pekinensis was significantly correlated with environmental factors,and the correlation coefficients was in the order of solar radiation>air temperature>relative humidity.With the comprehensive thought of the ornamental effect,when soil water content was 65%~60%of field moisture capacity,the plants grow well and water saving irrigation.

关 键 词：北京山梅花 生长特性 耗水特性 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]