动态内存分配器研究综述  

A Review of Dynamic Memory Allocator Research

作　　者：刘翔 童薇[1,2] 刘景宁[1,2] 冯丹[1,2] 陈劲龙 LIU Xiang;TONG Wei;LIU Jing-Ning;FENG Dan;CHEN Jin-Long(Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics,Wuhan 430074;Key Laboratory of Information Storage System(School of Computer Science and Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology),Ministry of Education of China,Wuhan 430074)

机构地区：[1]武汉光电国家实验室,武汉430074 [2]信息存储系统教育部重点实验室(华中科技大学计算机科学与技术学院),武汉430074

出　　处：《计算机学报》2018年第10期2359-2378,共20页Chinese Journal of Computers

基　　金：国家"八六三"高技术研究发展计划项目基金(2015AA015301;2015AA016701)资助~~

摘　　要：通用动态内存分配器自出现以来一直是系统软件的基本组件.伴随着近些年来多核处理器的发展和新型非易失存储器的出现,关于动态内存分配器的研究也随之聚焦于不同的优化方向,比如多线程环境下的性能优化和针对新型非易失内存介质特性的优化.该文在归纳整理近三十年动态内存分配器的发展和研究状况的同时,对推动内存分配器发展的历史原因进行了分析.此外,作者整理了现有动态内存分配器测试可采用的工作负载和标准测试集,并提出了一套全面、多维度评价内存分配器的指标体系.最后,作者指出了现有工作的优势和面临的缺陷,并探讨了未来内存分配器相关的研究方向,为该领域在今后的发展提供了一定的参考.Versatile,general-purpose memory allocators have been a fundamental element of software for decades since they emerged.With the development of multicore processor in recent years and the advent of novel non-volatile memory,researches on dynamic memory allocator also focused on different optimization directions such as performance optimization in multithreading environment and optimization aimed at the characteristics of novel non-volatile memory.In this paper,we summarize the development and research status of the dynamic memory allocator in the past three decades and analyze the historical reasons behind the development of memory allocator simultaneously.In the computer history,the years from 1986 to 1994 are known as the golden age of PC(Personal Computer).With the prevalence of the PC,the demand for DRAM(Dynamic Radom Access Memory)is also rising,and the memory allocator has consequently undergone a process from scratch on such historical background.While since 2002,CPU(Central Processing Unit)chip processing technology has gradually approached the limit,and CPU also suffered from the heat problem with the increasing of frequency.In order to ensure the development of CPU performance to continue,CPU began to develop in the direction of multi-core.In order to take full advantage of CPU performance,top-level applications began to take advantage of the multithreading ideas proposed in the 1960s,driving dynamic memory allocators to support multi-threaded memory allocations and ensure memory allocation performance of multi-core processor system.Then since 2010,storage academia has turned their research attention to finding new alternative memory media.Different non-volatile storage media first got rapid development in the field of materials,and then get the attention of the storage academia,bringing the new non-volatile memory research boom.Therefore,the research of dynamic memory allocator has been gradually combined with non-volatile memory technologies.Scholars began to study the challenges brought by the introdu

关 键 词：动态内存管理 内存分配器 多线程 非易失存储器 存储技术 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]