有机物料对山核桃林地土壤的培肥改良效果  

Organic materials improved the soil fertility in Carya cathayensis forest lands

作　　者：倪幸 窦春英 丁立忠 石红静 马闪闪 赵伟明 赵科理 叶正钱 NI Xing;DOU Chun-ying;DING Li-zhong;SHI Hong-jing;MA Shan-shan;ZHAO Wei-ming;ZHAO Ke-li;YE Zheng-qian(School of Environmental and Resources Science,Zhejiang A&F University/Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province,Lin’an,Zhejiang 311300,China;Plantation Bureau of Ningguo City,Ningguo,Anhui 242300,China;Forestry Technology Extension Center of Lin’an,Lin’an,Zhejiang 311300,China;Hangzhou Academy of Forestry Sciences,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310020,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院/浙江省土壤污染生物修复重点实验室,浙江临安311300 [2]安徽省宁国市种植业局,安徽宁国242300 [3]浙江省临安市林业技术推广中心,浙江临安311300 [4]浙江省杭州市林科院,浙江杭州310020

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2018年第5期1266-1275,共10页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：杭州市社会发展科研主动设计项目(20172015A01);浙江省重点研发专项(2018C02004);浙江省科技计划公益技术研究项目(2015C33051);国家自然科学基金项目(41201323)资助

摘　　要：【目的】山核桃低产区和高产区林地土壤理化性状、肥力水平差异大,比较不同有机物料改良其土壤酸性、提高土壤肥力的作用,为合理施用有机物料提供依据。【方法】选择山核桃低产(红壤)和高产(石灰岩土)林地土壤进行室内培养试验。选取生物有机肥、黄腐酸钾、竹炭和沼渣4种有机物料,按质量1%的比例添加到供试土壤中,在25℃恒温条件下,在培养开始的0、30、60、90、180天,分别测定了土壤pH、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾及有效态铁、锰、铜、锌的含量。【结果】1)红壤经180天培养后,发现有机物料对不同养分的作用不同。与对照相比,4种有机物料中仅沼渣处理的土壤碱解氮含量显著提高,高于对照52.85 mg/kg(P <0.05);4种有机物料都提高了土壤有效磷含量,其中生物有机肥和黄腐酸钾的作用明显高于竹炭和沼渣处理,分别高于对照13.21 mg/kg、12.07 mg/kg (P <0.05);4种有机物料处理都显著提高了土壤速效钾含量(P <0.05),黄腐酸钾的作用显著优于其它3种有机物料(P <0.05),高于对照136.00 mg/kg (P <0.05);4种有机物料中,仅黄腐酸钾处理的土壤有效铁含量显著提高,高于对照71.59 mg/kg (P <0.05);仅竹炭处理的土壤有效锌含量显著提高,高于对照0.94 mg/kg (P <0.05);而对有效锰、铜均无显著提升作用。2)石灰岩土培养180天后,4种有机物料对土壤碱解氮都无显著提升效果;但都显著提高了土壤有效磷水平,其中生物有机肥的作用显著高于其它3种有机物料(P <0.05),高于对照4.67 mg/kg (P <0.05);黄腐酸钾提高土壤速效钾的作用显著高于其它3种有机物料(P <0.05),高于对照94.00 mg/kg (P <0.05);仅生物有机肥和黄腐酸钾处理显著提高了土壤有效铁的含量,分别高于对照190.61 mg/kg、249.43 mg/kg (P <0.05);生物有机肥、黄腐酸钾、竹炭处理的土壤有效锰含量显著提高,分别高于对照135.74 mg/kg、155.96 mg/kg、51.51 mg/kg (P 【Objectives】The great differences in soil productivity and soil fertility are existed among the forest soils with low-yielding and high-yielding Carya cathayensis.Comparing the differences of organic materials on the improvement of soil acidity and fertility will provide a theoretical guidance for the effective application of organic materials.【Methods】Carya cathayensis forest lands originated from red soil(low-yielding)and limestone soil(high-yielding)were chosen for the two independent incubation experiments.Four kinds of organic materials,bio-organic fertilizer(BF),potassium humate(KH),bamboo-char(BC)and biogas residue(BR),were supplied into the soils by the rate of 1%accounting for total soil weights,and incubated at a constant temperature of 25℃.Soil samples were collected at 0,30,60,90 and 180 d to measure the soil pH,available N,available P,available K and available micronutrients of Fe,Mn,Cu and Zn,respectively.【Results】1)Red soil after incubation of 180 days,organic materials affected nutrient availabilities in different levels.Available N was only significantly increased in the BR treatment and was 52.85 mg/kg higher than control(P<0.05);all of four organic materials increased soil available P,and those in the BF and KH treatments were significantly higher than in the BC and BR treatments,and were 13.21 mg/kg and 12.07 mg/kg higher than the control(P<0.05),respectively.All the four organic materials significantly increased soil available K(P<0.05),and that in KH treatment was significantly higher than those in the others,and was 136.00 mg/kg higher than control.Only the KH demonstrated significant increase of soil available Fe and that was 71.59 mg/kg higher than the control(P<0.05),the BC significantly increased soil available Zn and that was 0.94 mg/kg higher than control,and no organic materials increased soil available Mn and Cu.2)In limestone soil after incubation of 180 days,four organic materials did not improve the soil available N,but significantly increased soil available P(P<0.0

关 键 词：有机物料 红壤 石灰岩土 土壤酸度 山核桃 土壤速效养分 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学] S664.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]