中国与澳大利亚羊毛生产成本收益比较分析  

Comparison of wool production cost-benefit between China and Australia

作　　者：徐佳 肖海峰[1] XU Jia;XIAO Haifeng

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《世界农业》2018年第10期110-116,267,共8页World Agriculture

基　　金：农业农村部和财政部项目"国家绒毛用羊产业技术体系产业经济研究"(CARS-39-22)

摘　　要：本文利用2005—2016年中国与澳大利亚羊毛生产成本收益数据,对两国成本收益基本特征进行了分析和比较。结果如下:虽然中国绵羊养殖总成本低于澳大利亚,但由于养殖总收益和羊毛收益均大幅低于澳大利亚,故绵羊养殖成本利润率也大幅低于澳大利亚,不具有竞争优势。究其原因,主要在于中国与澳大利亚相比,饲草料成本高、养殖规模较小、绵羊良种化程度低以及饲养管理技术落后。因此建议,中国应该重视人工草场建设,保证饲草料供应,降低饲草料成本;适当扩大养殖规模,降低平均成本;重视良种保护和扩繁,提供优质羊毛基因保障;提高羊毛生产技术水平,加快现代管理体系建设;立足自贸区建设,加强双边合作与交流。This paper analyzes and compares the basic characteristics of cost-benefit of wool production between China and Australia from 2005 to 2016.Results are as follows:although total cost of sheep production in China is lower than that of Australia,China has no competitive advantage due to the fact that Chinese total revenue and wool earnings are significantly lower than that of Australian and cost-profit rate of sheep production in China is sharply lower than that of Australia.The reasons includes that the fodder is costly,the farming scale is small,the degree of fine-wool sheep breed is low and the farming management technology is backward.Therefore,China should pay attention to the construction of artificial grassland,guarantee the supply of fodder,appropriately expand the scale of farming,reduce the average cost,attach importance to the protection and propagation of good seeds and provides high-quality wool gene protection.China should also improve the production technology of fine wool,accelerate the construction of modern management system and enhance bilateral cooperation and exchanges on the basis of building a free trade zone.

关 键 词：羊毛 中国 澳大利亚 成本收益 

分 类 号：F326.3[经济管理—产业经济] F361.1