白河河湾迁移速率及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the Baihe River bend migration rate and its influencing factors

作　　者：刘成[1,2] 刘桉 徐梦珍[4] LIU Cheng;LIU An;XU Mengzhen(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing,100048;International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation,Beijing,100048;POWERCHINA Zhongnan Engineering Co.Ltd,Changsha,410014;State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing,100084)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100048 [2]国际泥沙研究培训中心,北京100048 [3]中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司,湖南长沙410014 [4]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《中国水利水电科学研究院学报》2018年第5期495-502,509,共9页Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0505400;2016YFC0402407);国家国际科技合作专项项目(2014DFG72010)

摘　　要：白河为黄河源区典型弯曲河流,2016年和2017年对白河9处典型河湾进行了考察采样。分析表明,白河河湾凸岸植被呈环形条带状分布,一般有2~3个植被群落;湾顶从前至后的树木尺寸显示出明显的由低矮到高大的梯度变化。对凸岸树芯和圆盘样本进行年轮分析,获取了树木的分布和树龄数据,提出了通过树木年轮和距离计算河湾迁移速率的方法。通过绘制树龄分布云图找出关键样本,测算白河河湾迁移速率为0.38~6.1 m/a,与遥感影像估算得出的迁移速率基本一致。对白河河湾迁移速率与水流流速、河宽、滩高等数据进行回归分析,建立多元线性回归模型,结果表明水流流速和比降是白河河湾迁移速率的主要影响因素,迁移速率与流速和比降均成正比。The Baihe River is a typical meandering river in the Yellow River source region.Field investigations and samplings were carried out in 9 river bends of the Baihe River in 2016 and 2017.The analysis of them shows that the vegetation distributes in a shape of zonal arc along the convex bank of the Baihe River,with 2-3 vegetation communities in general,and the sizes of trees present evident gradient changes from low to high in the direction from front to back of the bend.The tree distribution and tree ages in the convex bank are obtained though tree ring analysis on the sampled tree cores and disks,and a method for estimating bend migration rate based on tree ages and tree distance is proposed.The key samples are identified by drawing the tree-age distribution cloud map,and the bend migration rates of the Baihe River are estimated to be 0.28-6.1 m/a,which is basically consistent with the migration rate estimated by remote-sensing image.A multiple linear regression model is established based on the regression analysis of bend migration rate with its potential influencing factors.It is concluded that the flow velocity and river slope are the main influencing factors for the bend migration rate,and the migration rate is proportional to flow velocity and river slope.

关 键 词：白河 植被演替 迁移速率 年轮 回归分析 

分 类 号：TV143[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]