桂西北峰丛洼地土壤水动力学性质对不同退耕措施的响应特征  

Responses of Soil Hhydraulic Properties to Restoration Measures in Karst Peak-cluster Ddepression Area,Northwestern Guangxi

作　　者：张晓艳 张建兵[1,2] 王静怡[4] ZHANG Xiaoyan;ZHANG Jianbing;WANG Jingyi(Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf(Guangxi Teachers Education University),Ministry of Education,Nanning 530001;;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Intelligent Simulation(Guangxi Teachers Education University),Nanning 530001;Hunan First Normal University,Changsha 410205;School of Computer Science,Xi’an Shiyou University,Xi’an 710065)

机构地区：[1]北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室(广西师范学院),南宁530001 [2]广西地表过程与智能模拟重点实验室(广西师范学院),南宁530001 [3]湖南第一师范学院,长沙410205 [4]西安石油大学计算机学院,西安710065

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2018年第5期140-145,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：广西地表过程与智能模拟重点实验室基金项目(2015GXESPKF05);国家自然科学基金项目(41601262;41601585);土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室开放基金项目(Y20160037);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2016JJ4025)

摘　　要：以桂西北峰丛洼地石漠化治理区耕地(CL)为对照,结合原位入渗和数值模拟的方法,评估了2种典型退耕方式(自然退耕(NR)、任豆牧草(ZN),始于2007年)对土壤水动力学性质的影响。结果表明:土壤饱和导水率Ks基本呈现为CL<ZN<NR;退耕对表层(0—10cm)和底层(>30cm)Ks影响较大,其中表层和底层Ks分别提高了49.0%(ZN)和51.9%(NR),底层则分别提高了33.1%(ZN)和21.1%(NR)。参数α和n分别呈现为CL<ZN<NR以及CL>NR>ZN的规律,而保水性(基于残留含水率θr、饱和含水率θs,参数α和n计算得出)则呈现为CL<NR<ZN。这说明NR和ZN 2种退耕方式对土壤水文性质均有一定改善作用。统计分析表明,CL、NR和ZN三者的土壤水动力学参数差异均无显著性(P>0.05),这主要是由退耕对土壤水动力学性质的影响相对缓慢和土壤空间差异共同导致的。研究结果可为石漠化治理和生态重建提供参考依据,也可为原位确定土壤水动力学参数提供方法参考。By comparing to the crop land(CL),the effects of two typical restoration measures(Zenia insignis Chun+Napiergrass(ZN)and Natural restoration(NR))on soil hydraulic properties at three depths(surface layer 0-10 cm,subsurface layer 10-30 cm,underlying layer>30 cm)were investigated in a typical peak-cluster depression area in northwestern Guangxi,based on in situ infiltration experiments and numerical inversion methods.The results showed that,the order for K s was CL<ZN<NR.The two restoration measures had more obvious impacts on K s both in the surface and underlying layer.Compared to the CL,the K s increased by 49.0%(ZN)and 51.9%(NR)in the surface layer,and by 33.1%(ZN)and 21.1%(NR)in the underlying layer,respectively.The order for parameterαand n were CL<ZN<NR and CL>NR>ZN,and the rank for water-retaining property(calculated based on residual water contentθr,saturated water contentθs,αand n)was CL<NR<ZN.These results indicated that the two ecological restoration measures could improve soil hydrological functions.However,the statistical analysis showed that the differences among the soil hydraulic parameters in CL,NR and ZN were not significant(P>0.05).There might be ascribed to the slow impacts of ecological restoration on soil hydraulic properties,and the high heterogeneity of soil hydraulic properties.

关 键 词：退耕措施 土壤水文 数值模拟 峰丛洼地 

分 类 号：S152.4[农业科学—土壤学]