干旱胁迫对黄土高原不同质地土壤长柄扁桃和沙柳幼苗生理生态特征的影响  

Effects of Drought Stress on the Physiological and Ecological Characteristics of Amygdalus pedunculata Pall and Salix psammophila Seedlings in Soils with Different Texture on the Loess Plateau

作　　者：裴艳武 黄来明[2,3,4] 贾小旭 邵明安[1,2,3,4] 张应龙 PEI Yanwu;HUANG Laiming;JIA Xiaoxu;SHAO Ming’an;ZHANG Yinglong(College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100;;Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,CAS&MWR,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Shenmu Ecological Association,Shenmu,Shaanxi 719399)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [3]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [4]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049 [5]陕西省神木县生态协会,陕西神木719399

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2018年第5期234-239,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41601221);中国科学院水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室开放基金项目(A314021402-1602);中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所秉维优秀青年人才基金项目(2017RC203);生态系统观测与模拟重点实验室青年创新研究团队项目(LENOM2016Q0001)

摘　　要：通过盆栽控水试验,研究了干旱胁迫对黄土高原不同质地土壤(砂土、壤土)长柄扁桃和沙柳幼苗光合特性(净光合速率P_n、气孔导度G_s、胞间CO_2浓度C_i、内禀水分利用效率WUE)、蒸腾速率T_r及叶片水势Ψ_w的影响。结果表明:干旱胁迫下不同质地土壤长柄扁桃和沙柳P_n、G_s、WUE及T_r均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,而C_i和Ψ_w分别表现为上升和下降趋势。土壤质地显著影响长柄扁桃和沙柳对水分亏缺的敏感性,在相同干旱程度下,壤土中长柄扁桃P_n和G_s均显著高于砂土,而沙柳P_n和G_s表现为砂土显著高于壤土(p<0.05)(重度干旱除外)。当土壤含水量降至中度和重度干旱时,长柄扁桃和沙柳WUE在不同质地土壤间具有显著差异(p<0.05)。壤土中长柄扁桃生长优于砂土,而沙柳则相反。因此,黄土高原植被恢复与生态建设过程中不仅应根据土壤水分状况选择造林树种,还应考虑植物在不同质地土壤上对干旱胁迫的不同响应。The present study investigated the photosynthetic characteristics(net photosynthetic rate(P n),stomatal conductance(G s),intercellular CO 2 concentration(C i),internal water use efficiency(WUE)),transpiration rate(T r)and leaf water potential(Ψw)of Amygdalus pedunculata Pall and Salix psammophila under drought stress in soils with different textures(sandy soil and loamy soil)on the Loess Plateau through water control pot experiment.The results showed that P n,G s,WUE and T r of A.pedunculata Pall and S.psammophila in soils with different textures increased firstly and then declined under the drought stress,while C i andΨw showed a trend of rising and decreasing,respectively.Soil texture significantly affected the sensitivity of A.pedunculata Pall and S.psammophila to the water deficiency.Under the same drought degree,the P n and G s of A.pedunculata Pall in the loamy soil were significantly higher than those in the sandy soil,while an opposite trend was observed for the S.psammophila(p<0.05)(except the severe drought treatment).A significant difference in WUE of A.pedunculata Pall and S.psammophila was observed between the soils with different textures when the soil moisture was reduced to moderate and severe drought(p<0.05).The growth of A.pedunculata Pall in the loamy soil was better than that in the sandy soil,while S.psammophila showed an opposite trend.Therefore,during the vegetation restoration and ecological construction on the Loess Plateau,the tree species should be chosen not only according to the soil water condition,but also considering the different responses of vegetation to drought stress in soils with different textures.

关 键 词：干旱胁迫 土壤质地 长柄扁桃 沙柳 生理响应 

分 类 号：S728.2[农业科学—林木遗传育种]