接种AM真菌对采煤沉陷区文冠果生长及土壤特性的影响  

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth of Xanthocerassorbifoliaand Soil Properties in Coal Mining Subsidence Area

作　　者：胡晶晶 毕银丽[1] 龚云丽 宋子恒 张健[1] 裘浪[1] HU Jingjing;BI Yinli;GONG Yunli;SONG Ziheng;ZHANG Jian;QIU Lang(State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京),煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2018年第5期341-345,351,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501106)；首都科技领军人才项目(Z18110006318021)

摘　　要：煤炭井工开采往往造成地表塌陷,导致了土壤养分贫瘠和水分缺乏,土壤沙化和水土流失,从而限制了当地矿区植被生长,而丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi,AM真菌)对植被生长有促进作用。以文冠果为宿主植物,采用野外原位监测和室内分析方法,研究了未接种和接种丛枝菌根真菌对采煤沉陷区复垦植物文冠果生长和土壤特性的影响。结果表明:与未接种AM真菌处理相比,接种AM真菌显著提高了文冠果根系菌根侵染率和土壤根外菌丝密度,7月接种AM真菌文冠果的株高、冠幅和地径提高了31.89%,23.07%,9.89%。同时,9月接种AM真菌处理的根际土壤全氮、碱解氮和有机碳含量分别比对照组增加0.29g/kg、13.0mg/kg和1.4g/kg,接种AM真菌显著提高了根际土壤的含水率、总球囊霉素和易提取球囊霉素,而速效磷和速效钾的含量显著降低。相关分析结果表明,菌根侵染率、土壤根外菌丝密度与根际土壤理化性质之间存在协同反馈效应。因此,接种AM真菌促进了采煤沉陷区复垦植被文冠果的生长和土壤的改良,这对矿区水土保持、维持生态系统稳定性和持续性具有重要意义。Coal mining often causes surface subsidence,resulting in poor soil nutrient and water deficiency,soil desertification and soil erosion,which limits the growth of vegetation in the mining area.However,the arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi(AM fungi)can promote the growth of vegetation.We took Xanthoceras sorbifolia as host plant and studied the effect of inoculated and non-inoculated AM fungi on plant growth and soil properties in the coal mining subsidence area by the method of in-situ field monitoring and lab analysis.The results showed that compared with the treatment of non-inoculated AM fungi,inoculation of AM fungi significantly increased the mycorrhizal infection rate and the hyphal density of outside the roots.The plant height,crown height,and ground diameter of X.sorbifolia inoculation with AM fungi in July increased by 31.89%,23.07%and 9.89%,respectively.Compared with the treatment of non-inoculated AM fungi,the contents of total nitrogen,available nitrogen and soil organic carbon in rhizosphere soil treated with AM fungi in September increased by 0.29 g/kg,13.0 mg/kg and 1.4 g/kg,respectively.Inoculation with AM fungi significantly increased the water content of the rhizosphere soil,total glomalin and easily extracted glomalin,while the content of available phosphorus and available potassium decreased significantly.Correlation analysis showed that there was a synergistic feedback effect between mycorrhizal infection rate,the hyphal density of outside roots and rhizosphere soil physical and chemical properties.Thus,the inoculation of AM fungi promoted the growth of X.sorbifolia and soil improvement in the coal mining subsidence area,which is of great significance to soil and water conservation,to maintain the stability and sustainability of the ecosystem in the mining area.

关 键 词：丛枝菌根真菌 文冠果 采煤沉陷区 土壤特性 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学]