不同时期追肥对花生叶片衰老特性及产量的影响  

Effects of Top-dressing on Senescence Characteristics and Yield of Peanut at Different Periods

作　　者：张甜 王铭伦[1] 张晓军[1] 王月福[1] 邹晓霞[1] ZHANG Tian;WANG Ming-lun;ZHANG Xiao-jun;WANG Yue-fu;ZOU Xiao-xia(School of Agriculture,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学农学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《花生学报》2018年第3期26-31,共6页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：科技部"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD11B04);国家花生产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13-生态与土壤管理);山东省现代农业产业技术体系花生产业创新团队建设项目(SDAIT-05-022-05);青岛农业大学高层次人才启动基金(631409)

摘　　要：在田间试验条件下,以青花5号花生品种为材料,系统研究了不同时期追肥对花生功能叶片衰老特性和荚果产量的影响。研究结果表明,适期(花针期)追肥可明显提高花生功能叶片叶绿素相对含量,提高SOD、POD和CAT活性,降低MDA含量,延缓叶片衰老,延长叶片功能期,保持生育后期有较大的绿叶面积;适期追肥可促进花生荚果发育,增加单株结果数量和果质量,从而显著提高荚果产量;由于荚果饱满度和出仁率的提高,籽仁产量提高幅度更大。过早(苗期)或过晚(结荚期)追肥的效果均不及适期追肥。花针期可作为花生追肥的适宜时期。Under field condition and using Qinghua5 as material,the effects of top-dressing on senescence characteristics of peanut functional leaves and pod yield were systematically studied at different periods.The results showed that,top-dressing at suitable period(flowering-pegging stage)could not only improve chlorophyll content significantly,but also improve activity of SOD,POD and CAT,and decrease MDA content.So that to delay leaf senescence,prolong leaf functional period,and maintain larger green leaf area in the late growth period.Appropriate top-dressing could promote the development of peanut pod and increase the number of pods and pods mass,thus significantly increase the yield of pods.The yield of kernel increased greatly due to the increase of pods plumpness and kernel rate.Top-dressing fertilizer too early(seedling stage)or too late(pod-bearing stage)are not as good as suitable period.Flowering-pegging stage can be used as suitable period for top-dressing of peanuts.

关 键 词：花生 追肥 叶片 衰老特性 产量 

分 类 号：S565.206.2[农业科学—作物学] Q945.48[生物学—植物学]