基于MaxEnt模型的羊草适生区预测及种质资源收集与保护  

Prediction of the potential geographic distribution of Leymus chinensis based on MaxEnt and collection and protection of germplasm

作　　者：武自念[1,2] 侯向阳 任卫波[1,2] 王照兰 常春[1,2] 杨玉平 杨艳婷[1,2] WU Zi-nian;HOU Xiang-yang;REN Wei-bo;WANG Zhao-lan;CHANG Chun;YANG Yu-ping;YANG Yan-ting(Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Hohhot 010010,China;Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture,Hohhot 010010,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]农业部牧草资源与利用重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《草业学报》2018年第10期125-135,共11页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31502008);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划;2014CB138806);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(1610332015002;1610332016005);中国农业科学院草原研究所社会公益类科研机构改革专项资助

摘　　要：我国拥有丰富的羊草资源,开展羊草种质资源收集与保护的基础研究,对于我国草地生态建设和草牧业健康发展具有重要意义。研究应用最大熵模型MaxEnt预测了全球羊草的潜在适生区,以预测的适生区为基础,利用网格法开展了羊草种质资源的采集,建立了羊草种质资源圃,同时结合文献报道的羊草分布点和实地采样的分布点对羊草种质资源潜在分布区做了进一步预测。结果表明,全球羊草适生区在欧亚大陆东部,主要适生区从中国东北、华北,蒙古至俄罗斯南部集中连续分布,美国、加拿大、巴基斯坦、印度、尼泊尔和不丹也有部分低适生区分布,所有适生区占全球陆地面积的8.75%。中国羊草适生区主要分布于内蒙古、新疆北部、黑龙江、青海、甘肃、西藏、吉林、河北、陕西、山西、辽宁、山东、河南北部、四川西北部、宁夏、北京、天津等地,零星分布于江苏北部、湖北、云南北部、安徽北部等地,占全球适生区面积的38.34%,占全国陆地面积的54.73%。通过网格法采集了361个样点共483份野生羊草种质资源,建立了羊草种质资源圃。结果对研究羊草的物种起源、草原形成、遗传结构、种质资源育种、栽培区划及生态修复等提供了重要资源。There is an abundance of germplasm resources of Leymus chinensis in China;basic research on the collection and protection of this germplasm is significant for grassland ecological construction and animal husbandry development.The potential geographic distribution of L.chinensis globally was predicted using the ecological niche model(MaxEnt).Germplasm was collected using a grid sampling method and held in germplasm nursery.Potential geographic distribution was predicted by combining the known distribution and field investigation.The results showed that the potential suitable distribution of L.chinensis is constricted within Eastern Eurasia,the main suitable areas are concentrated in Northeast China,North China,Mongolia to southern Russia,USA,Canada,Pakistan,India,Nepal,Bhutan,Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan also have scattered low suitability distribution potential,accounting for 8.75%of the total global land area.In China,the potential suitable distribution area is mainly found in Inner Mongolia,Northern Xinjiang,Heilongjiang,Qinghai,Gansu,Xizang,Jilin,Hebei,Shanxi,Shanxi,Liaoning,Shandong,Northern Henan,Northwestern Sichuan,Ningxia,Beijing,Tianjin,scattered in Northern Jiangsu,Hubei,Northern Yunnan and Northern Anhui,accounting for 38.3%of the total global distribution area and 54.7%of the total China land area.A total of 483 wild L.chinense germplasm accessions were collected from 361 sample points and established in a germplasm nursery.The results will provide important resources for the study of the origin,formation,genetic structure,breeding,cultivation division and ecological restoration of L.chinensis.

关 键 词：羊草 MAXENT 适生区 种质资源圃 收集与保护 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]