贵州毕节岩溶斜坡地带地下水赋存规律与钻探成井模式  

Groundwater Occurrence Characteristics and Drilling Well Models in Karst Slope Zone, Bijie, Guizhou Province

作　　者：潘晓东[1,2] 曾洁 任坤[1,2] 焦友军 彭聪[1,2] 兰干江 PAN Xiao-dong;ZENG Jie;REN Kun;JIAO You-jun;PENG Cong;LAN Gan-jiang(Karst Dynamics Laboratory,Ministry of Land and Resources,Institute of Karst Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Guilin,Guangxi 541004;International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO,Guilin,Guangxi 541004)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,国土资源部岩溶动力学重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [2]联合国教科文组织国际岩溶研究中心,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《地球学报》2018年第5期606-612,共7页Acta Geoscientica Sinica

基　　金：本文由中国地质调查局地质调查项目(编号:DD20160285;12120113052500)和国家科技支撑计划课题(编号:2012BAJ11B04)联合资助。为中国地质调查局、中国地质科学院2017年度地质科技十大进展第五名“科技创新引领地质调查精准支撑服务脱贫攻坚成效显著”的成果之一。

摘　　要：结合贵州省毕节地区水文地质调查资料和486口钻井资料发现:构造、岩性和地貌是控制钻孔是否成井的主要因素,应结合具体实例综合分析。寒武系娄山关组(2-3ls)、二叠系茅口组(P2q-m)、三叠系嘉陵江组(T1j)和关岭组(T2g)为主要岩溶找水层位,占成井总数的79.83%,成井率分别为88.1%、41.56%、76.32%、70.94%,平均单井涌水量分别为409.62 m^3/d、165.93 m^3/d、291.2 m^3/d、277.42 m^3/d,相较于厚层纯灰岩,灰岩夹碎屑岩地层和白云岩地层成井率更高,且钻孔平均涌水量更大;区域性断层不再是钻井找水的有利部位,中小型断裂等小构造控制局部富水区成为钻井找水的有利靶区,归纳4种钻探成井模式:中小型断裂控水模式、逆断层上盘富水模式、含水层与隔水层接触带富水模式、白云岩岩溶裂隙富水模式。Combined with the hydrogeological survey data and 486 drilling data obtained in Bijie area of Guizhou Province,the authors found that structure,lithology and geomorphology are the main factors controlling drilling holes,which should be combined with concrete examples.The Cambrian Loushanguan Formation(2-3ls),the Permian Makkou Formation(P2q-m),the Triassic Jialingjiang Formation(T1j)and the Guanling formation(T2g)are the main karst water-finding layers,which account for 79.83%of the total wells,and the well completion rates are 88.1%,41.56%,76.32%and 70.94%respectively.The average well water inflow is divided into 409.62 m3/d,165.93 m3/d and 291.2 m3/d.277.42 m3/d;compared with the thick layer of pure limestone,the limestone intercalated with classic and dolomite strata have a higher well formation rate,and the average water inflow of the borehole is greater.The regional fault is no longer the favorable part of drilling water exploration.The small structures such as small and medium faults control the local rich water area as the favorable target area for drilling water exploration,and this paper sums up 4 drilling patterns:the small and medium-sized fault water control mode,the reverse fault upper plate water rich mode,the aquifer and the aquifer contact zone water rich mode,and the dolomite interlayer crack water rich mode.

关 键 词：地下水 岩溶斜坡地带 钻井成井模式 毕节 地下水资源开发利用 

分 类 号：P642.25[天文地球—工程地质学] TV213.6[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]