中华原钩虾(Eogammarus possjeticus)对浒苔(Ulva prolifera)及其他类型饵料的摄食研究  

FEEDING OF AMPHIPOD EOGAMMARUS POSSJETICUS ON ULVA PROLIFERA AND OTHER TYPES OF BAITS

作　　者：薛素燕[1,2] 毛玉泽 丁敬坤[1] 蒋增杰 方建光 XUE Su-Yan;MAO Yu-Ze;DING Jing-Kun;JIANG Zeng-Jie;FANG Jian-Guang(Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Resources and Eco-environment,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛266071 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室,青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2018年第5期1109-1115,共7页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室鳌山科技创新计划项目;2016ASKJ02号;国家基金委-山东省联合基金项目;U1606404号;中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费项目;20603022017010号;20603022018003号;现代农业产业技术体系专项资金项目;CARS-48号

摘　　要：采用生理生态学方法,研究了中华原钩虾(Eogammaruspossjeticus)对黄海绿潮原因种浒苔(Ulva prolifera)及海水池塘4种优势大型海藻,即肠浒苔(Ulva intestinalis)、扁浒苔(Ulva compressa)、线形硬毛藻(Chaetomorphalinum)和丝毛藻(Cloniophorasp.)的摄食率,比较了对浒苔与其他不同类型饵料(包括人工饵料)的摄食,开展了不同密度的中华原钩虾对浒苔的现场摄食研究。结果显示,中华原钩虾的摄食率、饵料吸收率与海藻的含水量成呈正相关,表明该端足类存在明显的补偿性摄食行为。对不同类型饵料的摄食结果显示,中华原钩虾除了摄食海藻,对豆粕、虾饲料等人工饵料也具有较高的饵料吸收率,表明其可人工投喂培育。中华原钩虾具有一定摄食节律,夜晚摄食量高于白昼,表明夜晚投喂有利于中华原钩虾摄食,可减少饵料污染,有利于清洁生产。现场摄食实验结果显示,中华原钩虾摄食量随养殖密度的增加而增加,但其摄食率和存活率与养殖密度呈负相关,表明高密度时中华原钩虾竞争摄食增加了饵料消耗,同时中华原钩虾为抵抗养殖密度过高造成的竞争而增加能量等消耗。The feeding of the amphipod Eogammarus possjeticus on green algae including Ulva prolifera,Ulva intestinalis,Ulva compressa,Chaetomorpha linum,and Cloniophora sp.was studied,and compared with other types of feeds(including artificial bait).The results showed that the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of E.possjeticus were positively correlated with the water content of green algae.It seemed that the amphipods had obvious compensatory feeding behavior on the green algae for adequate nourishment,and had higher assimilation efficiency on soybean meal,indicating that E.possjeticus could be cultivated with artificial feeding as well.In addition,E.possjeticus showed a day-night rhythm of feeding(better intake at the night),thus feeding more at night could be better for less pollution.In addition,the amount of feed increased with the increase of stocking density of E.possjeticus,and the feeding rate and survival rate were negatively correlated with the increase in the stocking density.Meanwhile,the food consumption increased as the result of competitive feeding of the amphipods for energy consumption to resist the competition in a high stocking density.Therefore,the amphipods showed good ecological functions by depressing the growth of green algae,and they could become a good protein source of fish and shrimp in aquaculture.

关 键 词：中华原钩虾 绿藻 人工饵料 摄食率 

分 类 号：S968.22[农业科学—水产养殖]