西南地区优良核桃资源及果实特性评价  

Evaluation of Walnut Resources and Fruit Characteristics in Southwest China

作　　者：甄知娅 刘华[1] 李丕军[2] 邢文曦 郑崇文 Zhen Zhiya;Liu Hua;Li Pijun;Xing Wenxi;Zheng Chongwen(Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,P.R.China;Sichuan Academy of Forestry Science)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学,合肥230036 [2]四川省林业科学研究院

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2018年第10期24-28,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(2016NYZ0035);四川省科技计划项目子专题(2016NYZ0035-04);四川省财政专项(ZL2017-12);四川省农业科技成果转化资金项目(16NZ0072)

摘　　要：为进一步研究西南地区特别是四川、云南优良核桃资源的果实等特性,从果实的外观性状和经济性状以及主要内含物质量分数等指标对西南地区的24个核桃优良品种(经审/认定良种)进行果实特性研究及评价。结果表明:(1)24个核桃良种的外观多以圆形和近圆形为主,果大饱满,外壳光滑,但内果皮颜色深浅不一。(2)供试的核桃良种的个体性状差异明显,核桃果实的7个评价指标(壳厚、单果质量、核仁质量、出仁率、三径、粗蛋白质量分数和粗脂肪质量分数)的变异系数为6.57%~24.36%;其中,单果质量的变异系数最大,粗脂肪质量分数的变异系数最小。(3)在经济性状中,壳厚最小、出仁率最大的核桃良种均为薄壳早;单果质量、核仁质量及三径最大的核桃良种为旺核2号。(4)粗蛋白、粗脂肪质量分数最大的核桃良种,分别为川香、漾濞大泡核桃。根据主成分分析及外壳特征分析综合评价,24个核桃良种中品质较优的有旺核2号、硕星、惠耀、盐源早、川早2号、蜀朝2号、川香、青川1号等。In order to further clarify the species with better characters and better fruit quality in walnut species in the southwest region especially in Sichuan and Yunnan.The fruit characters of 24 walnut species(subject to review/identification)were analyzed and evaluated by fruit appearance traits,economic traits and main contents of content and other indicators in southwest China.Results show:(1)The appearance of 24 walnut species is mainly round and near round,the fruit is plump,the outer shell is smooth,but the inner skin is very different in color.(2)The variation coefficient of seven walnut provenances of seven fruit indicators(shell thickness,single fruit weight,kernel weight,yield,three diameters,crude protein content and crude fat content)are significantly different with the variation coefficient of 6.57%-24.36%.Among them,the maximum coefficient of variation is fruit weight,while the minimum coefficient of variation is crude fat content.(3)In economic character,the minimum shell thickness and the highest rate of benevolence are thin shell early.Single fruit weight,nucleolus weight and three diameter of the largest walnut good seed is the Juglans regia Wanghe No.2.(4)For the main content of walnuts,crude protein and crude fat content of the largest walnut varieties are Chuanxiang and Yangbi blisters walnuts.According to the comprehensive evaluation score of the principal component and the appearance characteristic evaluation,among the 24 walnut varieties,the superior quality includes the J.regia Wanghe No.2,J.regia Shuoxing,J.regia Huiyao,J.regia Yan Yuanzao,J.regia Chuanzao No.2,J.regia Shuchao No.2,J.regia Chuanxiang and J.regia Qingchuan No.1.

关 键 词：核桃 良种资源 果实性状 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]