浓乳液模板法制备导电多孔聚氨酯复合材料  

Preparation of Conductive Porous Polyurethane Composite by Concentrated Emulsion Polymerization

作　　者：张晓茜 高明 孙英娟 申腾飞 王昊 ZHANG Xiaoqian;GAO Ming;SUN Yingjuan;SHEN Tengfei;WANG Hao(Department of Environmental Engineering,North China Institute of Science and Technology,Beijing 101601,China)

机构地区：[1]华北科技学院环境工程学院材料系,北京101601

出　　处：《中国塑料》2018年第10期65-70,共6页China Plastics

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金资助项目(E2018508091;E2017508045);中央高校基本科研业务费资助(3142017097;3142016001;3142017065);廊坊市科技支撑项目资助(2017011040);国家自然科学基金资助(51503064)

摘　　要：通过浓乳液模板法制备了一种孔径可控的多孔聚氨酯弹性材料,并以多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)为导电填料制备了压力敏感的导电多孔聚氨酯复合材料。采用扫描电子显微镜分析了乳化剂含量、蓖麻油含量对多孔聚氨酯形貌的影响。结果表明,乳化剂含量越多,聚氨酯孔径越小;蓖麻油含量越多,聚氨酯孔结构越偏离球形,且得到的聚氨酯材料孔径为微米级;将酸化碳纳米管引入到体系中作为导电填料,即得到压力敏感的导电聚氨酯多孔复合材料,随碳纳米管负载含量的增加,复合材料的电阻可降低2个数量级;随着外应力的增加,聚氨酯复合材料的电阻同样可降低2个数量级。The porous polyurethane(PU)elastomer with a controllable pore size was prepared by a concentrated emulsion-templating technique.Acid-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)as a conductive additive were added into the elastomer to obtain a type of pressure-sensitive conductive porous PU composites.The effects of contents of emulsifier and castor oil on the morphology of the composites were investigated.The results indicated that the average pore size decreased with an increase of emulsifier content,and the micro-sized pores were found to deform and deviate from a circular shape as the content of castor oil became higher.The addition of MWCNTs imparted the composites with a pressure-sensitive conductive property.Furthermore,the electrical resistance of the composites decreased by two orders of magnitude with an increase of MWCNTs content.Meanwhile,the electrical resistance of the composites also decreased by two orders of magnitude with an increase in external pressure.

关 键 词：聚氨酯弹性体 浓乳液 多孔材料 酸化碳纳米管 导电性 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]