分蘖期低温胁迫下施用外源物质对寒地粳稻生长发育及产量形成的影响  

Effect of exogenous substances on growth and development and yield formation of rice in cold-region under low-temperature stress at tillering stage

作　　者：赵宏伟[1] 张妍[1] 贾琰[1] 瞿炤珺 王喆[1] 李晓 张盛楠[1] 吴志强 高文硕 ZHAO Hongwei;ZHANG Yan;JIA Yan;QU Zhaojun;WANG Zhe;LI Xiao;ZHANG Shengnan;WU Zhiqiang;GAO Wenshuo(Institute of Rice Research,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学水稻研究所,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2018年第8期10-23,共14页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300406))

摘　　要：分蘖期低温胁迫导致水稻发育不良,产量下降。γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)、水杨酸(SA)和脯氨酸(Pro)对逆境条件下作物生长发育具有重要调节作用。为探讨分蘖期低温胁迫下施用GABA、SA和Pro对寒地粳稻生长发育及产量形成影响,采用3个独立裂区设计,分别以GABA、SA和Pro浓度为主区,水稻品种(耐冷品种东农428和冷敏感品种松粳10)为副区。正常灌溉为对照,于分蘖期低温灌溉10 d,同时施用不同浓度3种外源物质。结果表明,与分蘖期低温胁迫相比,3种外源物质处理下寒地粳稻分蘖数、株高、叶面积指数、有效(高效)叶面积率、光合势、干物质积累及产量均有增加。外源施用2 mmol·L-1GABA、2 mmol·L-1SA和30 mmol·L-1Pro处理下东农428和松粳10增产幅度最高,为分蘖期低温胁迫下各外源物质最适浓度。Low-temperature stress at the tillering stage resulted in delayed growth,poor development and reduced yield of the rice.γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA),salicylic acid(SA)and proline(Pro)play important regulating roles in the growth and development of crops under adverse conditions.In order to investigate the effects of GABA,SA and Pro application on the growth and development and yield formation of rice in cold-region under low-temperature stress at the tillering stage,three independent split-plot tests were used in this study,with the concentrations of GABA,SA and Pro as the main plots,and the rice varieties(cold-tolerant varieties Dongnong428 and cold-sensitive varieties Songjing10 as the subzones).Normal irrigation was used as the control group and cold-water irrigation was carried out for 10 d at the tillering stage.At the same time,three exogenous substances with different concentrations were applied.The results showed that compared with the low-temperature stress at the tillering stage,three exogenous substances increased the tiller numbers,plant height,leaf area index,efficient and high efficient leaf area ratio,photosynthetic potential,dry matter accumulation and the yield of rice in cold-region.In addition,exogenous application of 2 mmol·L-1 GABA,2 mmol·L-1 SA and 30 mmol·L-1 Pro resulted in the highest yield increase of Dongnong428 and Songjing10,which was proved to be the optimum concentration for each exogenous substance under low-temperature stress at the tillering stage.

关 键 词：分蘖期 低温胁迫 寒地粳稻 外源物质 生长发育 产量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]