根际CO_2富集对网纹甜瓜果实糖积累及代谢的影响  

Effect of Root-Zone CO_2 Enrichment on Sugar Accumulation and Metabolism in Fruit of Muskmelon

作　　者：陈薪宇 许传强[1] 李天来[1] 马金明[1] 赵曦[1] 刘义玲[1] CHEN Xin-yu;XU Chuan-qiang;LI Tian-lai;MA Jin-ming;ZHAO Xi;LIU Yi-ling(College of Horticulture/Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture,Ministry of Education/National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design&Application Technology,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院/设施园艺省部共建教育部重点实验室/北方园艺设施设计与应用技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,沈阳110161

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2018年第5期537-544,共8页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31101582);现代农业产业技术体系国家西甜瓜产业技术体系项目(CARS-25);辽宁省教育厅项目(LXBZX201701);沈阳市重点研发专项项目(17-143-3-00)

摘　　要：为探究根际CO_2富集对甜瓜果实糖积累及代谢的影响机制,以网纹甜瓜中蜜1号为试材,利用气雾法根际CO_2自动控制系统,研究了网纹甜瓜果实发育过程中不同根际CO_2浓度(370,2000,3000,4000,5000μL·L^(-1))富集对果实糖积累、糖代谢关键酶活性及其基因相对表达量的影响。其中,370μL·L^(-1)(CK1)和2000μL·L^(-1)(CK2)CO_2浓度分别作为模拟大气和根际土壤中CO_2浓度,3000、4000和5000μL·L^(-1) CO_2浓度作为高CO_2富集处理。结果表明,根际高CO_2处理20d后,甜瓜果实中可溶性糖及蔗糖含量开始显著下降,而果糖和葡萄糖含量变化不显著。3000μL·L^(-1) CO_2处理25 d时,蔗糖含量比CK1降低了43%,且CO_2浓度越高,降低幅度越大。果实中酸性转化酶(AI, acid invertase activity)、中性转化酶(NI, neutral invertase activity)、蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS,sucrose phosphate synthase activity)及蔗糖合成酶(SS, sucrose synthase activity)活性均随根际CO_2浓度升高而减弱,在处理初期(10～15d),随着果实的发育AI和NI活性逐渐增加,处理15d后开始下降。其中,根际3000μL·L^(-1) CO_2处理15d时AI和NI活性分别比CK1显著降低了16%和14%;SPS活性在根际高CO_2处理前期差异不显著,处理30d时显著降低,比CK1降低了15%;SS合成和分解方向活性分别在处理25d和30 d时开始显著下降。此外,酸性转化酶基因(CmS-AIV1)表达量在处理初期(10～15d)显著降低,处理20d后差异不显著,其中,根际3000μL·L^(-1) CO_2处理15 d时CmS-AIV1的表达量比CK1降低了14%。蔗糖磷酸合成酶基因(Cm-SPS1)和蔗糖合成酶基因(Cm-SS1)的表达量在根际高CO_2处理30d后受到显著抑制,随着处理时间的延长,差异逐渐变大。说明在网纹甜瓜果实发育期间,根际CO_2长期富集会导致果实中蔗糖代谢关键酶基因的相对表达量受到抑制,进而影响了糖代谢相关酶的活性,导致果实糖积累量下降,最终降低了果实的品质。In order to explore the effect of root-zone CO2 enrichment on sugar accumulation and metabolism in fruit of muskmelon,the netted muskmelon'zhong mi No 1'was employed to study the effects of root-zone CO2 concentrations(370,2000,3000,4000 and 5000μL·L-1)on sugar accumulation,enzyme activities and relative gene expressions of major glucose metabolism in netted muskmelon during fruiting period.Among these root-zone CO2 concentrations,the concentration of 370(CK1)and 2000μL·L-1(CK2)were used to simulate the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere and rhizosphere soil,respectively,and the CO2 concentrations of 3000,4000 and 5000μL·L-1 CO2 were treated as elevated CO2 enrichment.The results showed that the contents of soluble sugar and sucrose in melon fruit were decreased significantly after elevated CO2 treated for 20 days,however,the contents of fructose and glucose didn't change significantly.The sucrose content was reduced with the increasing CO2 concentration,which reduced by 43%compared with CK1 under 3000μL·L-1 CO2 concentration.The activities of acid invertase(AI),neutral invertase(NI),sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS)and sucrose synthase(SS)were significant decreased with the increasing CO2 concentration.The activity of AI and NI increased with the development of fruit at the beginning of elevated CO2 treatment(10-15 d),then began to decrease after 15 days.Among them,the activities of AI and NI were inhibited by 16%and 14%respectively under 3000μL·L-1 CO2 treated for 15 days.The activity of SPS was notsignificantly different in the early stage of elevated rhizosphere CO2 treated,while it decreased by 15%compared with CK1 at the treatment of 30 d.The SS synthesis and decomposition direction activity began to decrease significantly at 25 and 30 d,respectively.Furthermore,the expression of CmS-AIV1 decreased significantly at the beginning of treatment(10-15 d),and the difference was not significant after 20 days treatment.The expression of CmS-AIV1 was 14%lower than that of CK1 when treated by rhizosphere 3

关 键 词：根际CO2富集 网纹甜瓜 果实 糖代谢 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]