江淮丘陵地区塘坝系统水适应性机制与测度分析  

Mechanism and measurement of the water adaptability of the farm pond in Jianghuai Hilly Area

作　　者：戴仕宝[1] 周亮广[1] 叶雷[2] 王春[1] 王子龙 DAI Shibao;ZHOU Liangguang;YE Lei;WANG Chun;WANG Zilong(School of Geographic Information and Tourism,Chuzhou University,Chuzhou 239012,China;School of Urban and Regional Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]滁州学院地理信息与旅游学院,安徽滁州239012 [2]华东师范大学城市与区域科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2018年第5期41-49,共9页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41571398);安徽省人文社科重点研究基地重点项目(SK2015B28;SK2015A176);安徽省教育厅自然科学研究项目(KJ2013Z246)~~

摘　　要：丘陵地区塘坝系统是适应水资源需求的产物,是人水和谐的表现。以位于江淮丘陵区的两个小流域(样区1面积1.14km2,样区2面积1.27km2)为研究样区,以高分辨率遥感影像、1∶10000DEM以及塘坝实测数据(面积和深度)等为数据源,构建了塘坝分布地形权重指数(W)、塘坝与土地利用适应性指数(P)、塘坝水资源供需适应性指数(R)等,定量研究塘坝系统水适应性机制。研究表明:研究样区林草地为主要土地利用类型(>50%),其次为耕地(约35%),而塘坝在两个样区面积占比分别为5.8%和2.82%。地形权重指数W显示高位塘坝占绝对优势。塘坝与土地利用适应性指数P显示样区1适应性较佳,而样区2适应性较差。在频率85%的年降水量情景下,塘坝供水与耕地综合灌溉需水的供需适应性指数R分别为1.02和0.59,与指数P结论相吻合。研究认为,研究区塘坝、耕地、地形三者之间具有相互制约和适应的关系。Pond system in the hilly area is a result of the adaptation to water demand,embodying the harmonious relationship between water resources and human beings.We took two small watersheds(Ⅰ:1.14 km 2;Ⅱ:1.27 km 2)as the study areas,and developed terrain weight index,pond and land use adaptability index,and water supply and demand balance index to quantitatively illustrate the water adaptability mechanism of the pond system.The data set included high-resolution remote sensing images,1∶10000 DEM,and measured data(depth and size)of the ponds.The results are as follows.Forest and grassland(more than 50%)was the dominant land use type in the study areas.The cultivated land(about 35.5%)came second.Farm ponds covered only 2.82%and 5.8%of the study areas.The terrain weight indexes indicated that the high-lying ponds were absolutely dominant.The land utilization index indicated that study areaⅠhad better adaptability than study areaⅡ.Under the circumstance of precipitation probability P=85%,the water supply and demand balance index was 1.02 and 0.59 respectively.There were restrictions and adaptations between the ponds,farmland,and terrain in the study area.

关 键 词：塘坝系统人水和谐 水适应性 水资源供需 适应性机制 适应性测度 江淮丘陵 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]