中国电子废物循环利用空间优化  

Spatial optimization of e-waste recycling in China

作　　者：童昕[1] 王涛[1] 黄慧婷 王兆龙 TONG Xin;WANG Tao;HUANG Hui-ting;WANG Zhao-long(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Center of Solid Waste and Chemical Management Technology,Ministry of Environmental Protection,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京100871 [2]环境保护部固体废物与化学品管理技术中心北京100029

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2018年第10期3868-3873,共6页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助重点项目(41731278);国家自然科学基金自主面上项目(41271548)

摘　　要：基于2014年和2015年环保部发布的省级回收数据,分析了现有传统回收体系下,各省的电子废物回收率变化,发现省级尺度电子废物的回收率呈现较大波动,这与电子废物的跨省流动有密切关系.为此,本文基于现有回收渠道的省际流动网络格局,采用网络分析中的层次聚类方法,揭示全国电子废物流动的区域化特征.结果显示根据区域化特征重新划分市场区,可以使主要市场区的整体回收率波动明显降低,从而为制定合理的回收目标提供参考.针对这一研究结果,提出基于市场区域化特征,建立全国一体化的回收利用市场和差异化的区域性回收目标,有助于充分利用市场机制优化中国电子废物循环利用的空间格局.最后,讨论了生产者主导和处理企业主导两种治理机制对空间优化的潜在影响.A nation-wide e-waste recycling system has been established based on planned capacity for self-sufficiency at the provincial level in China.However,due to the reliance on the informal collection network to collect waste product from consumers to the certified recycling plants,there was a mismatch between the planning intention and the real spatial pattern of e-waste flows.With data published by Ministry of Environment Protection in 2014 and 2015,we used hierarchical cluster analysis to identify the regional market blocks with intensive linkages of e-waste flows among all provinces.The result showed that(1)the collection rate was more stable at the regional level than at the provincial level;and(2)significant regional disparity existed among different regions.In conclusion,the policy implications were proposed to optimize the spatial pattern of e-waste recycling in China by addressing the potential impacts of different governance structure dominated by the producers or the recycling corporations.

关 键 词：电子废物 空间优化 生产者责任延伸制 逆向物流 绿色供应链 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]