舵空化的精细流场及其非定常水动力性能数值计算  

Fine flow field and unsteady hydrodynamic performance calculation for rudder cavitation

作　　者：于安斌 叶金铭[1] 王友乾 YU Anbin;YE Jinming;WANG Youqian(College of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China;Supervisor Office of Navy Equipment Repair in Shanghai Area,Shanghai 200135,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学舰船与海洋学院,湖北武汉430033 [2]海军驻上海地区装备修理监修室,上海200135

出　　处：《中国舰船研究》2018年第5期68-76,共9页Chinese Journal of Ship Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51579243)

摘　　要：[目的]为深入研究舵空化时的精细流场及其非定常水动力性能的相关规律,[方法]针对某型船的桨、舵模型进行建模,采用结构化网格、SST k-ω湍流模型和流体体积(VOF)方法对舵空泡进行计算。针对舵空泡问题进行实船观测试验,将舵空泡的计算结果与实船舵空泡的观测结果进行对比,验证数值方法的可靠性。对舵空泡的周期性变化进行探讨和分析,并基于空化和非空化2种状态对3种舵角下的舵空泡进行计算。[结果]结果显示,当空化范围较小时,空化对舵力时均值的影响较小,随着空化范围的增加,空化对舵力时均值的影响明显变大,尤其是舵效显著降低;一旦发生空化,舵非定常力的脉动幅值将大幅增加,且空化范围越大,舵非定常力的脉动幅值越大。[结论]研究结果可为评估空化发生后舵的水动力性能及舵的优化设计提供技术支撑。[Objectives]In order to study the precise flow field of rudder cavitation and its related laws of unsteady hydrodynamic performance,[Methods]a propeller and rudder model of a certain ship is established,and a structure grid,SST k-ωturbulence model and VOF method are used to calculate the rudder cavitation.In order to understand the phenomenon of rudder cavitation,an observation experiment is carried out with a real ship.The calculated results are compared with the experimental results,proving the reliability of the numerical method.The periodic changes in rudder cavitation are then discussed and analyzed,and rudder cavitation is calculated on the basis of cavitation and non-cavitation under the two states of three kinds of rudder angles.[Results]The results show that when the cavitation range is small,it has little effect on average rudder force.As the cavitation range increases,its influence on average rudder force increases significantly while lateral rudder force decreases significantly.Once cavitation occurs,the amplitude of unsteady force increases greatly;the greater the cavitation range,the greater the amplitude of unsteady force.[Conclusions]The results of this study can provide technical support for assessing the hydrodynamic performance of rudders under cavitation conditions in the pursuit of optimal rudder design.

关 键 词：舵空化 精细流场 实船试验 非定常力 水动力性能 

分 类 号：U661.1[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]