伊朗BA原油沥青沉积及抑制高压模拟实验  

Asphaltene Deposition and Inhibitors for Iranian BA Crude Oil by High Pressure Simulation Test

作　　者：舒福昌[1] 张文秀 SHU Fu-chang;ZHANG Wen-xiu(College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,Yangtze University,Jinzhou 434023,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学化学与环境工程学院,荆州434023

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2018年第28期87-92,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51474034)资助

摘　　要：在原油的开釆过程中,沥青质沉积问题可能发生于各个环节,其中在井筒或地面管线的沉积可能造成堵塞,降低生产运行效率,沉积严重时会导致油井停产。为了更好地预防沥青质沉积,对伊朗BA原油样进行族组成分析,其胶体不稳定指数CII大于0.9,易发生沥青质沉积。采用压差法对BA原油沥青质析出压力进行高压模拟实验评价,而压差法主要是通过压降的变化来判断沥青质的沉积。结果表明:在50~96℃下,当井筒压力降低到一定程度时,原油中沥青质会析出,使压降显著增加;且沥青质析出压力随着温度升高减小,随着气油比增大而增大。采用正己烷沉淀法对8种抑制剂进行初选,阳离子表面活性剂YAI-4、YAI-6的抑制效果较好,其抑制率可达88.9%和95.6%;同时通过高压模拟实验评价,同样条件下YAI-6比YAI-4能更好地稳定原油中的沥青质,在等温降压过程中,用YAI-6处理的原油在不同条件下均没有检测到明显的压降变化,表明YAI-6对于伊朗BA原油是一种非常有效的沥青沉积抑制剂。In the process of crude oil production,the problems of asphaltene deposition may have occured at various stages,among which the deposition in the wellbore or surface pipeline may have caused blockage,reduced the production operation efficiency,and when the sedimentation was severe,the well will be suspended.In order to prevent the deposition of asphaltenes.The composition of Iranian BA crude oil samples were analyzed.The colloidal instability index(CII)was more than 0.9,and asphaltene deposition was easy to occur.The filtration method was used to evaluate the precipitation pressure of asphaltene in BA crude oil.The results show that the asphaltene in the crude oil would be precipitated when the pressure in wellbore decreased to a certain extent at 50~96℃,and the pressure drop increased significantly.The asphaltene precipitation pressure decreases with increasing temperature,with the gas-oil ratio increases.Eight kinds of inhibitors were preliminarily selected by n-hexane precipitation method.The inhibitory rates of cationic surfactants YAI-4 and YAI-6 were 88.9%and 95.6%,respectively.Simultaneously,YAI-6 can better stabilize the asphaltene in crude oil than YAI-4.During the isothermal pressure decompression,no obvious pressure drop change was observed in the crude oil treated with YAI-6 under different conditions,indicating that YAI-6 for Iran BA crude oil is a very effective inhibitor of asphalt deposition.

关 键 词：沥青质沉积 胶体不稳定指数 压差法 高压模拟实验 抑制剂 

分 类 号：TE358.5[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]