基于耳石和角质颚微结构的中国枪乌贼年龄与生长比较  

A comparative study on the age and growth of Uroteuthis chinensis,based on the microscopic structure of statoliths and beaks

作　　者：李建华[1,2,3,4] 张鑫浩 金岳 林方龙[1] 陈新军 LI Jian-hua;ZHANG Xin-hao;JIN Yue;LIN Fang-long;CHEN Xin-jun(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Distant-water Fisheries Engineering Research Center,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201306,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Distant-water Fisheries, Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [3]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [4]远洋渔业协同创新中心,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2018年第5期513-521,共9页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(NSFC41476129; NSFC41276156);上海市科技创新行动计划(14DZ1205000)

摘　　要：中国枪乌贼(Uroteuthis chinensis)是我国近海头足类渔业的重要物种,为研究中国枪乌贼的耳石和角质颚在其年龄鉴定中的应用,根据2016年4月南海北部陆架区采集的中国枪乌贼样本,对其耳石和上角质颚的微结构进行观察,并建立基于角质颚和耳石的日龄与胴长的关系。结果显示,胴长与角质颚和耳石的日龄呈线性关系;耳石和角质颚生长纹相似,由明暗相间的环纹组成,但耳石的生长纹较上角质颚生长纹清晰,在耳石和角质颚上均发现有日轮和亚日轮,且都有标记轮,但耳石标记轮比角质颚标记轮多样。耳石轮纹和角质颚轮纹与胴长都呈线性相关关系。研究对比两者表明,角质颚微结构上生长纹会出现叠加沉积导致其轮纹数不完整,而且中国枪乌贼个体小,生长纹叠加多,更加难以观察,因此,耳石更适合作为中国枪乌贼的年龄鉴定的材料。Uroteuthis chinensis is an important species in China cephalopod fishery industry.Age determination is essential biological information and is of vital importance in acquiring knowledge of ontogeny and fishery management of the squid.Statoliths are the most commonly used materials for age and growth study of cephalopods.However,the statolith is much smaller than the other hard tissues of squid,which means that the statolith is difficult to process.Therefore,other materials for age determination need to be explored.Beaks,embedded in a buccal mass,are the feeding organ of the cephalopod.Only a few researchers have interpreted age and growth using the beak microstructure of adult oceanic squid.Unfortunately,such studies are rarely found for loliginid species.Therefore,it is worth revealing the characteristics of beak microstructure in U.chinensis.In order to study the age and growth of U.chinensis,samples in this paper were collected in the continental shelf of northern South China Sea in April,2016.The study on the microstructure of statoliths and beaks,and the relationship between age from beak and statolith,and mantle length,weight were established and compared.The results showed that there were distinct differences among different zones in the dorsal dome for statolith increments.The dark zone increments had the widest intervals,followed by those of the postnuclear zone and the increments of the peripheral zone had the narrowest intervals.Grinding the beak is much more difficult than grinding the statolith in U.chinensis.It was found that the increments of the hood were much darker than those of the lateral wall region.The increments of beaks formed“V”shapes.As with the statolith,the increment width of the beak had a similar pattern and the widest increments.It showed that growth increments of the statolith and beak had a linear correlation with the mantle length of U.chinensis.The growth increments of the statolith is similar to the growth increments of the beak,which have dark-light growth bands,and the gr

关 键 词：中国枪乌贼 耳石 角质颚 微结构 年龄与生长 

分 类 号：S931.5[农业科学—渔业资源]