不同坡长条件下■土堆积体坡面产流产沙过程  

Processes of Runoff and Sediment Yield on the Slopes with Different Lengths on Lou Soil Mound

作　　者：张翔 高照良[2] ZHANG Xiang;GAO Zhaoliang(Pingxiang University,Pingxiang,Jiangxi 337000,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]萍乡学院,江西萍乡337000 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2018年第6期79-84,93,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题"农田水土保持关键技术研究与示范"(2011BAD31B01)

摘　　要：为揭示不同坡长条件下■土堆积体坡面产流产沙过程,通过不同坡度、不同坡长(4,8,12,16,20m)条件下的野外模拟径流冲刷试验,对■土堆积体坡面产流产沙过程进行了分析。结果表明:工程堆积体坡面产流率随放水时间持续呈现波动性增大,随着坡长增大,产沙率波动振幅也变大。径流含沙量随着放水时间的持续呈现先减小而后保持稳定变化,随着坡长增大,含沙量呈递增变化。工程堆积体坡面累积产流量随放水时间的变化可以用线性函数表达,累积产沙量与放水时间呈极显著幂函数关系,累积产沙量和累积产流量均随着坡长的增大呈现递增变化。试验坡度、坡长均对坡面累积产流产沙量具有重要的影响,坡长对坡面累积产流产沙的影响大于坡度,二者均对累积产流产沙量产生正效应。In order to reveal the processes of runoff and sediment yield on the slopes with different lengths on Lou soil mound,through the field simulated runoff-scouring experiment under the conditions of different slopes and different slope lengths(4,8,12,16,20 m),the processes of runoff and sediment yield on the slope of Lou soil mound were analyzed.The results show that the flow rate on the slope of the engineering mound increases with the constant fluctuation over the water discharge scouring time.With the increase of slope length,the amplitude of fluctuation of sediment yield is larger.The sediment concentration of runoff decreases first and then keeps stable over the water discharge scouring time.With the increase of slope length,the sediment content increases.The cumulative flow rate on the slope of engineering mound with the change of the time of water drainage can be expressed using linear function.There is a very significant power function relationship between cumulative sediment yield and water drainage time.Both of them show the increasing change with the increase of the slope length.The test slope and the length of the slope have the important influences on the cumulative runoff yield and sediment yield.The effect of slope length on cumulative runoff and sediment yield is greater than that of slope gradient,and all of the two factors have the positive effect on cumulative runoff and sediment yield.

关 键 词：土 工程堆积体 产流产沙 径流冲刷 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]