1970—2014年云南省气温日较差变化特征及影响因子  

Variation Characteristics of Diurnal Temperature Range and Its Influencing Factors in Yunnan Province from 1970 to 2014

作　　者：曹言 王杰 柴素盈 戚娜 CAO Yan;WANG Jie;CHAI Suying;QI Na(Yunnan Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Kunming 650228,China;Yunnan Institute of Environmental Science,Kunming 650034,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省水利水电科学研究院,昆明650228 [2]云南省环境科学研究院,昆明650034

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2018年第6期100-108,共9页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：云南省技术创新人才项目(2016HB015);云南省科技计划项目(201202AC);云南省水利科技项目(201606)

摘　　要：利用1970—2014年云南省30个气象站最高、最低气温、年平均气温、降雨量、平均风速、日照时数、相对湿度等逐日观测资料,通过M-K趋势法和小波分析法研究了云南省各区气温日较差的时空变化特征,并探讨了气温日较差(Diurnal temperature range,即DTR)的影响因子。结果表明:1970—2014年云南省年平均、春季、夏季和冬季DTR整体呈减少趋势,其中滇中减少幅度均是最大,分别减小了0.153 0,0.374 3,0.146 2,0.294 7℃/10a,秋季DTR整体呈上升趋势,滇西北上升幅度最大,为0.188 0℃/10a,同时云南各区DTR普遍存在28a左右的强震荡周期。DTR高值区主要集中在河谷地区,DTR低值区主要集中在东南部和西部;年平均、春季、秋季和冬季DTR减小幅度较大的地区主要集中在中南部和西部,上升幅度较大的地区主要集中在西北部和滇中北部,夏季DTR减少幅度较大的地区主要集中在西北部,上升幅度较大的地区主要集中在中部。云南省中东部DTR主要受平均气温和ET0影响,西部DTR则主要受降雨量和ET0影响。Using daily maximum temperature,minimum temperature and mean temperature,precipitation,sunshine duration,relative humidity date from 30 meteorological stations in Yunnan Province from 1970 to 2014,the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of diurnal temperature range(DTR)in different areas of Yunnan Province were analyzed by using Mann-Kendall and wave-let analysis methods,and the influence factors of DTR were discussed.The results showed that annual mean DTR decreased and DTR decreased in spring,summer and winter from 1970 to 2014,the rate of DTR decrease was maximum in central Yunnan Province,the rates decreased by 0.153 0,0.374 3,0.146 2 and 0.294 7℃/decade,respectively,DTR increased in autumn,the rate of DTR increase was maximum in northwest Yunnan Province,the rate increased by 0.188 0℃/decade,and the strong oscillation period of DTR change was 28 years in different areas of Yunnan Province.The area with high value of DTR was mainly located in the valley area,and the area with low value of DTR mainly concentrated in the southeastern and western parts of Yunnan Province.Areas with great decreases of annual mean DTR and DTR in the spring,autumn and winter mainly concentrated in the central south and west of Yunnan Province,and the areas with great increases of annual mean DTR and DTR in the spring,autumn and winter mainly concentrated in the northwest of Yunnan Province,north part of central Yunnan.In the summer,the areas with great decrease of DTR mainly concentrated in the northwest of Yunnan Province,and the areas with great increase of DTR mainly concentrated in the central part of Yunnan Province.The main influence factors on DTR were the average temperature,precipitation and potential evapotranspiration.

关 键 词：气温日较差 气象因子 云南省 

分 类 号：P423[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]