莱州湾南部胶莱河口潮间带大型底栖动物群落结构特征  

Intertidal macrozoobenthic community structural features in Jiaolai estuary of south Laizhou Bay

作　　者：李慧峰[1,2] 杨文波 袁立来[1] 刘宝祥 曹坤 王琳[1] 丁放[1] 李慧琴[1] 李继龙[1] 李应仁[1] 黄经献[3] 张传涛[3] LI Hui-feng;YANG Wen-bo;YUAN Li-lai;LIU Bao-xiang;CAO Kun;WANG Lin;DING Fang;LI Hui-qin;LI Ji-long;LI Ying-ren;HUANG Jing-xian;ZHANG Chuan-tao(Fisheries Resource and Environment Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Beijing 100141,China;College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Xiaying Enhancement and Experiment Station,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Changyi 261300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院资源与环境研究中心,北京100141 [2]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [3]中国水产科学研究院下营增殖实验站,山东昌邑261300

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2018年第5期674-682,共9页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2016B003);农业部物种资源保护费项目(2130135)

摘　　要：为了解莱州湾南部胶莱河口潮间带大型底栖动物现状,分别于2016年春季、夏季和秋季对该潮间带大型底栖动物的种类组成、优势种、生物多样性和群落结构特征进行了调查,3次采样共鉴定出大型底栖动物5门28种,其中春季23种,夏季和秋季均为24种。调查结果表明:春、夏、秋3个季节大型底栖动物平均生物量分别为13.77、24.55、18.17 g/m^2,3个季节的大型底栖动物平均丰度分别为38.89、68.49、55.07 ind./m^2;软体动物为主要优势类群,其次是节肢动物;异白樱蛤Macoma incongrua、红明樱蛤Moerella rutila、托氏虫昌螺Umbonium thomas为春季大型底栖动物优势种;夏季和秋季大型底栖动物优势种相同,依次为异白樱蛤、红明樱蛤、托氏虫昌螺和古氏滩栖螺Batillaria cumingi;Shannon-Weiner多样性指数(H')变化范围为2.13~2.55,Pielou均匀度指数(J)变化范围为0.62~0.73,Margalef物种丰富度指数(D)变化范围为1.17~1.35。研究表明,莱州湾南部胶莱河口潮间带大型底栖动物群落结构存在明显的潮区变化,各季节典型种主要有异白樱蛤、红明樱蛤等,分歧种主要有古氏滩栖螺、大竹蛏Solen grandis、薄壳绿螂Glauconome primeana等。The seasonal variation and community structure of intertidal macrozoobenthos was studied based on the data collected from Jiaolai estuary of south Laizhou Bay in spring(April of 2016),summer(July of 2016)and autumn(October of 2016).A total of 28 species belonging to 5 phyla were found,including Mollusca(19 species),Arthropoda(5 species),Annelida(2 species),Brachiopoda(2 species)and Protozoa(1 species).The average resources were shown to be 13.77 g/m 2 in biomass density and 38.89 ind./m 2 in number in spring,and 24.55 g/m 2 in biomass density and 68.49 ind./m 2 in number in summer,and 18.17 g/m 2 in biomass density and 55.07 ind./m 2 in number in autumn.Mollusca and Arthropoda were the dominant groups,with dominant species Macoma incongrua,Moerella rutila,and Umbonium thomas in spring,and Macoma incongrua,Moerella rutila,Umbonium thomas,and Batillaria cumingi as dominant species both in summer and autumn.The diversity index(H′)was ranged from 2.13 to 2.55,the Pielou evenness index(J)from 0.62 to 0.73,and the Margalef species richness index(D)from 1.17 to 1.35.ANOSIM analysis,cluster and NMDS analysis revealed that there was different macrozoobenthic community structure in tide zones in Jiaolai estuary of south Laizhou Bay.The SIMPER analysis indicated that Macoma incongrua and Moerellarutila were the typical species,and Batillaria cumingi,Solen grandis,and Glauconome primeana were the discriminating species.

关 键 词：潮间带 大型底栖动物 时空分布 群落结构 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学]