反式剪接及其在哺乳动物中的作用  

Trans-splicing and Its Roles in Mammals

作　　者：荆晓燕 张彩霞 宋艳芳 刘东宇 刘娣 杨秀芹[1] JING Xiao-yan;ZHANG Cai-xia;SONG Yan-fang;LIU Dong-yu;LIU Di;YANG Xiu-qin(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030,China;Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科技学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院,哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2018年第10期2070-2079,共10页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31741114);黑龙江省科研机构创新能力提升项目(YC2016D001)

摘　　要：反式剪接(trans-splicing,TS)是指两个或两个以上pre-mRNA分子经过剪接形成一个成熟mRNA的过程,是一种在转录后水平产生嵌合RNAs的方式。TS研究起步较晚,但高通量测序和生物信息学技术的发展,为相关研究提供了有效手段。伴随着大量TS及其嵌合RNAs被鉴定,人们发现TS可以产生新的功能性产物——融合蛋白或调控性非编码RNA,也可以仅仅通过竞争性使用亲本基因的pre-mRNA而影响亲本基因表达,从而在生理活动、疾病发生中发挥作用。本文就TS定义、类型、产生机制及其在哺乳动物中的作用等方面进行综述,以期为人们全面了解TS的研究概况及发展趋势提供参考。Trans-splicing(TS)is the process by which two or more pre-mRNA molecules are spliced to form a mature mRNA,a way to produce chimeric RNAs at the post-transcriptional level.TS research started late,but the development of high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics technologies has provided the effective means for related research.Along with the identification of a large number of TS and its chimeric RNAs,it has been found that TS can produce new functional products-fusion proteins or regulatory non-coding RNAs,also can affect parental genes expression only by competitive use of the parental pre-mRNA,which play important role in physiological activities and diseases.This article reviews the TS definition,type,production mechanism and its role in mammals,in order to provide a reference for completely understanding the research situation and development trend of TS.

关 键 词：反式剪接 嵌合RNAs 类型 产生机制 作用 哺乳动物 

分 类 号：Q956[生物学—动物学]